152 10 1713 http://usldhrecovery.uh.edu/files/original/33/4878/pera0462_page-0001.jpg 30734e27474c3a664e23f8f2efc5db19 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Documenting Discrimination: Alonso S. Perales Correspondence (1927-1952) Subject The topic of the resource Letters Perales, Alonso S., 1898-1960 Discrimination against Mexican Americans Discrimination in employment Race discrimination--public establishments Race discrimination--restaurants; Segregation in education Discrimination in housing Race discrimination in medical care Veteran Police brutality Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Alonso S. Perales Collection: General Correspondence, c. 1920-1960. University of Houston Libraries Special Collections. EBSCO Arte Público Hispanic Historical Collection: Series 2. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1927-1952 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Perales, Alonso S. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Content compilation of The Latino/Hispanic American Experience Leaders, Writers and Thinkers copyright 2012 by Arte Público Historical Collections. All rights reserved. Relation A related resource <a href="https://usldhrecovery.uh.edu/collections/show/1">Alonso S. Perales Collection</a> Arte Público Hispanic Historical Collection: Series 2 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource JPG Language A language of the resource Spanish Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context pera0000 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Texas Description An account of the resource Alonso S. Perales, one of the greatest Latino civil rights leaders ever, was one of the first Latino public intellectuals to master the use of the media in pioneering efforts to track and report on discrimination. Over the course of forty years of activism, during the 1920s to 1960, Perales wrote a weekly column in San Antonio’s La Prensa newspaper, the periodical with the greatest and most extensive circulation; had a radio program; published books; and maintained an unheard of level of correspondence, writing daily as many as ten letters to the authorities, civil rights activists and just everyday folk. One campaign he maintained over many years was his use of the periodicals and radio program to invite victims and witnesses of discrimination to document the cases in letter form and send them to him at his San Antonio law office. He would abstract these testimonies in his newspaper columns and radio programs and use them as evidence to demand corrective action and policy changes from government at every level. In the Alonso S. Perales archive hundreds of these letters have been preserved; many of them were written by hand by working-class people who were most likely to suffer the indignities and denial of services because they were Mexicans or Latinos. Because La Prensa and Perales’ network was so broad, the letters came not only from throughout Texas and the Southwest but from as far north as North Dakota and east as the Carolinas. The record is diverse in documenting everything from barbers refusing to cut hair to schools that would not allow Mexican families to register their children. The Perales collection of correspondence is one of the very few documentary sources that precisely date, locate and describe the instances of segregation, violence and racism experienced by Latinos over a long period of time: names are named, addresses noted and alleged crimes publicized; in most cases, however, these acts were committed with impunity, but the informal history and conscience of la raza was recording them. And now, the researchers of posterity can study and reference them in writing a truer history of the United States, and communities can become aware of these acts in developing laws and policy. Alonso S. Perales, uno de los líderes latinos más importantes de derechos civiles, fue uno de los primeros intelectuales públicos en dominar el uso de los medios de comunicación y pionero en dedicar esfuerzos a rastrear y denunciar instancias de discriminación. A lo largo de cuarenta años de activismo, durante las décadas de 1920 hasta 1960, Perales escribió columnas semanales en el periódico La Prensa de San Antonio, el diario con la mayor y más extensa circulación de ese período; además tuvo un programa de radio; publicó libros; y mantuvo una extensa correspondencia, escribiendo hasta diez cartas diarias dirigidas a autoridades, activistas de derechos civiles y gente en general. Perales impulsó una campaña, que mantuvo durante muchos años, donde a través de publicaciones en periódicos y su programa de radio invitaba a las víctimas y testigos de actos de discriminación a documentar estos casos en forma de cartas y a enviárselas a su despacho de abogados de San Antonio, Texas. Perales resumía estos testimonios en sus columnas periodísticas y programas de radio y los utilizaba como prueba para exigir medidas correctivas y cambios de política al gobierno a todo nivel. En el archivo de Alonso S. Perales se conservan cientos de estas cartas; muchas de ellas escritas a mano provenientes en su mayoría de la clase trabajadora que tenía más probabilidades de sufrir humillaciones y negación de servicios por ser mexicanos o latinos. Como la red de La Prensa y de Perales eran tan amplias, las cartas vinieron no solo desde Texas y del suroeste sino también desde lugares tan al norte como Dakota del Norte y del este como Carolina del Sur y Carolina del Norte. El material es variado y documenta desde barberos que se negaban a cortar el pelo hasta escuelas que no permitían a las familias mexicanas matricular a sus hijos. La colección de correspondencia de Perales es una de las escasas fuentes documentales que datan, localizan y describen con precisión los casos de segregación, violencia y racismo sufridos por los latinos durante un largo periodo de tiempo: se citan nombres, se anotan direcciones y se publicitan presuntos delitos; en la mayoría de los casos, sin embargo, estos actos se cometían con impunidad, pero la historia informal y la conciencia de la raza los registraban. Y ahora, los investigadores de la posteridad pueden estudiarlos y hacer referencia a ellos al escribir una historia más verdadera de Estados Unidos, y las comunidades pueden tomar conciencia de estos actos al momento de elaborar leyes y políticas. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context pera0462 Title A name given to the resource To Dr. N. T. Gibson, Director, Robstown Hospital, From [Unknown], Postal Telegraph Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource [Unknown] Subject The topic of the resource Letters Perales, Alonso S., 1898-1960 Discrimination against Mexican Americans Mexican Americans--Segregation Discrimination in medical care Description An account of the resource Telegraph from [Unknown] accusing Dr. N. T. Gibson of segregating people of Mexican descent in the Robstown Hospital waiting rooms and placing them in dark and uncomfortable rooms. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource [Unknown] Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Alonso S. Perales Collection: General Correspondence, c. 1920-1960. Relation A related resource Arte Público Hispanic Historical Collection: Series 2 Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Robstown (Tex.) Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource JPG Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Items in this collection may be under copyright. Please contact apprec@central.uh.edu for more information. Cartas Discriminación contra mexicoamericanos Discriminación en la atención médica Discriminación racial--establecimientos públicos Mexicanoamericanos--Segregación Perales, Alonso S., 1898-1960 http://usldhrecovery.uh.edu/files/original/1/197/pera0066.jpg d5003c82cb0726bd0e5b998893b81871 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Alonso S. Perales Collection Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Alonso S. Perales Papers Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Arte Público Press/Recovering the US Hispanic Literary Heritage Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Arte Público Press Language A language of the resource Spanish English Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Perales, Alonso S. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource JPEG Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Photograph Subject The topic of the resource PERALES, Alonso S., 1898-1960 LEAGUE of United Latin American Citizens CIVIC participation: working for civil rights MEXICAN Americans LATINO Americans ACTIVISTS RACE discrimination Relation A related resource Alonso S. Perales Papers, University of Houston Libraries Special Collections EBSCO Arte Público Hispanic Historical Collection: Series 2 Description An account of the resource Alonso S. Perales (1898-1960) was a lawyer, statesman, diplomat, author, writer, speaker. His collection is held at the University of Houston's Special Collections. A sampling of his photographs, letters, and documents are included here. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Perales, Alonso S. Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Personal Collection Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource To Dr. Will W. Alexander, Chief, Minority Groups Service Branch, From Donald G. Kobler, Texas Regional Director, October 14, 1942. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Kobler, Donald G. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1942-10-14 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Alonso S. Perales Papers: General Correspondence, c. 1920-1960. J-L, p130-130. 1p. University of Houston Libraries Special Collections EBSCO Arte Público Hispanic Historical Collection: Series 2 Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Subject The topic of the resource LETTERS RACE discrimination KOBLER, Donald G. TELEGRATH AGRICULTURAL Laborers UNITED States--Government policy. SHOP signs WICKARD Claude R. (Claude Raymond), 1893-1967 WALLACE, Henry A. (Henry Agard), 1888-1965 Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context pera0066 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource JPEG Description An account of the resource Letter to Dr. Will W. Alexander, Chief Minority Groups Service Branch from Donald G. Kobler, Texas Regional Director. The letter describes discrimination taking plays at Roy’s Café, on North First Street in Lamesa Texas. Sign on door states “No Mexican’s”. Donald Kobler would like to see federal action to “eliminate…Nazi-like discrimination”. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant LAMESA (Tex.) WASHINGTON (D.C.) Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Items in this collection may be under copyright. Please contact apprec@central.uh.edu for more information. Scripto Transcription A written representation of a document. Donald G. Kohler [From] 8045 Harrisburg Houston, Texas October 14, 1942 Dr. Will W. Alexander, Chief [To] Minority Groups Service Branch Social Security Building Washington, D.C. Dear Mr. Alexander; Enclosed please find a copy of the telegram sent to you today in regard to the discrimination practiced against the Spanish speaking people at Lamesa, Texas. This information was forwarded to me by a Mexican field worker, who wrote as follows: “… where ever I have been I find a lot of places where the Mexican people is discriminated,…. Here is the latest example Roy’s Café located at North First Street Lamesa Tex bear a sign on the door that says no Mexicans ….. You know this is dangerous at the present time, because there are a lot of Spanish speaking people that thinks that don’t worth a while to fight for a Country where they are not considered as civilized people.” Surely, it is not necessary to stress to your office the disastrous effect of these abuses. What is needed is vigourous federal action to eliminate, once and for all, these undemocratic and Nazi-like discriminations. Copies of the telegram have also been mailed to Hon. Henry A. Wallace and the Hon. Claude A. Wickard. Very truly yours, Donald G. Kobler Texas Regional Director Alexander, Will W. Cartas Discriminación racial Estados Unidos - Póliza gubernamental Kobler, Donald G. Letreros Telegramas Trabajadores agricolas Wallace, Henry A. Wickard, Claude R. http://usldhrecovery.uh.edu/files/original/33/4895/pera0481_page-0001.jpg bb0bac34225347464c2b5582874923ff Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Documenting Discrimination: Alonso S. Perales Correspondence (1927-1952) Subject The topic of the resource Letters Perales, Alonso S., 1898-1960 Discrimination against Mexican Americans Discrimination in employment Race discrimination--public establishments Race discrimination--restaurants; Segregation in education Discrimination in housing Race discrimination in medical care Veteran Police brutality Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Alonso S. Perales Collection: General Correspondence, c. 1920-1960. University of Houston Libraries Special Collections. EBSCO Arte Público Hispanic Historical Collection: Series 2. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1927-1952 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Perales, Alonso S. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Content compilation of The Latino/Hispanic American Experience Leaders, Writers and Thinkers copyright 2012 by Arte Público Historical Collections. All rights reserved. Relation A related resource <a href="https://usldhrecovery.uh.edu/collections/show/1">Alonso S. Perales Collection</a> Arte Público Hispanic Historical Collection: Series 2 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource JPG Language A language of the resource Spanish Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context pera0000 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Texas Description An account of the resource Alonso S. Perales, one of the greatest Latino civil rights leaders ever, was one of the first Latino public intellectuals to master the use of the media in pioneering efforts to track and report on discrimination. Over the course of forty years of activism, during the 1920s to 1960, Perales wrote a weekly column in San Antonio’s La Prensa newspaper, the periodical with the greatest and most extensive circulation; had a radio program; published books; and maintained an unheard of level of correspondence, writing daily as many as ten letters to the authorities, civil rights activists and just everyday folk. One campaign he maintained over many years was his use of the periodicals and radio program to invite victims and witnesses of discrimination to document the cases in letter form and send them to him at his San Antonio law office. He would abstract these testimonies in his newspaper columns and radio programs and use them as evidence to demand corrective action and policy changes from government at every level. In the Alonso S. Perales archive hundreds of these letters have been preserved; many of them were written by hand by working-class people who were most likely to suffer the indignities and denial of services because they were Mexicans or Latinos. Because La Prensa and Perales’ network was so broad, the letters came not only from throughout Texas and the Southwest but from as far north as North Dakota and east as the Carolinas. The record is diverse in documenting everything from barbers refusing to cut hair to schools that would not allow Mexican families to register their children. The Perales collection of correspondence is one of the very few documentary sources that precisely date, locate and describe the instances of segregation, violence and racism experienced by Latinos over a long period of time: names are named, addresses noted and alleged crimes publicized; in most cases, however, these acts were committed with impunity, but the informal history and conscience of la raza was recording them. And now, the researchers of posterity can study and reference them in writing a truer history of the United States, and communities can become aware of these acts in developing laws and policy. Alonso S. Perales, uno de los líderes latinos más importantes de derechos civiles, fue uno de los primeros intelectuales públicos en dominar el uso de los medios de comunicación y pionero en dedicar esfuerzos a rastrear y denunciar instancias de discriminación. A lo largo de cuarenta años de activismo, durante las décadas de 1920 hasta 1960, Perales escribió columnas semanales en el periódico La Prensa de San Antonio, el diario con la mayor y más extensa circulación de ese período; además tuvo un programa de radio; publicó libros; y mantuvo una extensa correspondencia, escribiendo hasta diez cartas diarias dirigidas a autoridades, activistas de derechos civiles y gente en general. Perales impulsó una campaña, que mantuvo durante muchos años, donde a través de publicaciones en periódicos y su programa de radio invitaba a las víctimas y testigos de actos de discriminación a documentar estos casos en forma de cartas y a enviárselas a su despacho de abogados de San Antonio, Texas. Perales resumía estos testimonios en sus columnas periodísticas y programas de radio y los utilizaba como prueba para exigir medidas correctivas y cambios de política al gobierno a todo nivel. En el archivo de Alonso S. Perales se conservan cientos de estas cartas; muchas de ellas escritas a mano provenientes en su mayoría de la clase trabajadora que tenía más probabilidades de sufrir humillaciones y negación de servicios por ser mexicanos o latinos. Como la red de La Prensa y de Perales eran tan amplias, las cartas vinieron no solo desde Texas y del suroeste sino también desde lugares tan al norte como Dakota del Norte y del este como Carolina del Sur y Carolina del Norte. El material es variado y documenta desde barberos que se negaban a cortar el pelo hasta escuelas que no permitían a las familias mexicanas matricular a sus hijos. La colección de correspondencia de Perales es una de las escasas fuentes documentales que datan, localizan y describen con precisión los casos de segregación, violencia y racismo sufridos por los latinos durante un largo periodo de tiempo: se citan nombres, se anotan direcciones y se publicitan presuntos delitos; en la mayoría de los casos, sin embargo, estos actos se cometían con impunidad, pero la historia informal y la conciencia de la raza los registraban. Y ahora, los investigadores de la posteridad pueden estudiarlos y hacer referencia a ellos al escribir una historia más verdadera de Estados Unidos, y las comunidades pueden tomar conciencia de estos actos al momento de elaborar leyes y políticas. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context pera0481 Title A name given to the resource To El Sol, Tiajuana, B. C., From Arturo Ortiz Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1944-04-12 Subject The topic of the resource Letters Perales, Alonso S., 1898-1960 Discrimination against Mexican Americans Race discrimination--public establishments Race discrimination--restaurants Veteran Description An account of the resource Letter from Arturo Ortiz to the newspaper El Sol, regarding an incident of discrimination in which two veterans of Mexican descent were refused service at Restaurant Dinette. A violent altercation followed and a white woman dining at the restaurant was injured. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Ortiz, Arturo Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Alonso S. Perales Collection: General Correspondence, c. 1920-1960. Relation A related resource Arte Público Hispanic Historical Collection: Series 2 Language A language of the resource Spanish Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Uvalde (Tex.) Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource JPG Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Items in this collection may be under copyright. Please contact apprec@central.uh.edu for more information. Cartas Discriminación contra los mexicoamericanos Discriminación racial--establecimientos públicos Discriminación racial--restaurantes Perales, Alonso S., 1898-1960 Veterano http://usldhrecovery.uh.edu/files/original/33/4861/pera0444_page-0001.jpg e03788062d0a207105b100b446aa92b3 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Documenting Discrimination: Alonso S. Perales Correspondence (1927-1952) Subject The topic of the resource Letters Perales, Alonso S., 1898-1960 Discrimination against Mexican Americans Discrimination in employment Race discrimination--public establishments Race discrimination--restaurants; Segregation in education Discrimination in housing Race discrimination in medical care Veteran Police brutality Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Alonso S. Perales Collection: General Correspondence, c. 1920-1960. University of Houston Libraries Special Collections. EBSCO Arte Público Hispanic Historical Collection: Series 2. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1927-1952 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Perales, Alonso S. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Content compilation of The Latino/Hispanic American Experience Leaders, Writers and Thinkers copyright 2012 by Arte Público Historical Collections. All rights reserved. Relation A related resource <a href="https://usldhrecovery.uh.edu/collections/show/1">Alonso S. Perales Collection</a> Arte Público Hispanic Historical Collection: Series 2 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource JPG Language A language of the resource Spanish Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context pera0000 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Texas Description An account of the resource Alonso S. Perales, one of the greatest Latino civil rights leaders ever, was one of the first Latino public intellectuals to master the use of the media in pioneering efforts to track and report on discrimination. Over the course of forty years of activism, during the 1920s to 1960, Perales wrote a weekly column in San Antonio’s La Prensa newspaper, the periodical with the greatest and most extensive circulation; had a radio program; published books; and maintained an unheard of level of correspondence, writing daily as many as ten letters to the authorities, civil rights activists and just everyday folk. One campaign he maintained over many years was his use of the periodicals and radio program to invite victims and witnesses of discrimination to document the cases in letter form and send them to him at his San Antonio law office. He would abstract these testimonies in his newspaper columns and radio programs and use them as evidence to demand corrective action and policy changes from government at every level. In the Alonso S. Perales archive hundreds of these letters have been preserved; many of them were written by hand by working-class people who were most likely to suffer the indignities and denial of services because they were Mexicans or Latinos. Because La Prensa and Perales’ network was so broad, the letters came not only from throughout Texas and the Southwest but from as far north as North Dakota and east as the Carolinas. The record is diverse in documenting everything from barbers refusing to cut hair to schools that would not allow Mexican families to register their children. The Perales collection of correspondence is one of the very few documentary sources that precisely date, locate and describe the instances of segregation, violence and racism experienced by Latinos over a long period of time: names are named, addresses noted and alleged crimes publicized; in most cases, however, these acts were committed with impunity, but the informal history and conscience of la raza was recording them. And now, the researchers of posterity can study and reference them in writing a truer history of the United States, and communities can become aware of these acts in developing laws and policy. Alonso S. Perales, uno de los líderes latinos más importantes de derechos civiles, fue uno de los primeros intelectuales públicos en dominar el uso de los medios de comunicación y pionero en dedicar esfuerzos a rastrear y denunciar instancias de discriminación. A lo largo de cuarenta años de activismo, durante las décadas de 1920 hasta 1960, Perales escribió columnas semanales en el periódico La Prensa de San Antonio, el diario con la mayor y más extensa circulación de ese período; además tuvo un programa de radio; publicó libros; y mantuvo una extensa correspondencia, escribiendo hasta diez cartas diarias dirigidas a autoridades, activistas de derechos civiles y gente en general. Perales impulsó una campaña, que mantuvo durante muchos años, donde a través de publicaciones en periódicos y su programa de radio invitaba a las víctimas y testigos de actos de discriminación a documentar estos casos en forma de cartas y a enviárselas a su despacho de abogados de San Antonio, Texas. Perales resumía estos testimonios en sus columnas periodísticas y programas de radio y los utilizaba como prueba para exigir medidas correctivas y cambios de política al gobierno a todo nivel. En el archivo de Alonso S. Perales se conservan cientos de estas cartas; muchas de ellas escritas a mano provenientes en su mayoría de la clase trabajadora que tenía más probabilidades de sufrir humillaciones y negación de servicios por ser mexicanos o latinos. Como la red de La Prensa y de Perales eran tan amplias, las cartas vinieron no solo desde Texas y del suroeste sino también desde lugares tan al norte como Dakota del Norte y del este como Carolina del Sur y Carolina del Norte. El material es variado y documenta desde barberos que se negaban a cortar el pelo hasta escuelas que no permitían a las familias mexicanas matricular a sus hijos. La colección de correspondencia de Perales es una de las escasas fuentes documentales que datan, localizan y describen con precisión los casos de segregación, violencia y racismo sufridos por los latinos durante un largo periodo de tiempo: se citan nombres, se anotan direcciones y se publicitan presuntos delitos; en la mayoría de los casos, sin embargo, estos actos se cometían con impunidad, pero la historia informal y la conciencia de la raza los registraban. Y ahora, los investigadores de la posteridad pueden estudiarlos y hacer referencia a ellos al escribir una historia más verdadera de Estados Unidos, y las comunidades pueden tomar conciencia de estos actos al momento de elaborar leyes y políticas. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context pera0444 Title A name given to the resource To Father Birch, From Alonso S. Perales, May 10, 1944 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1947-05-10 Subject The topic of the resource Letters Perales, Alonso S., 1898-1960 Discrimination against Mexican Americans Discrimination in housing Voting Discrimination in employment Description An account of the resource Letter From Alonso S. Perales to Father Birch regarding the discrimination Mexican Americans face in Texas, including residential segregation, exclusion from jury duty, wage inequalities, and voter suppression. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Perales, Alonso S. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Alonso S. Perales Collection: General Correspondence, c. 1920-1960. Relation A related resource Arte Público Hispanic Historical Collection: Series 2 Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant San Antonio (Tex.) Houston (Tex.) Bay City (Tex.) El Campo (Tex.) Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource JPG Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Items in this collection may be under copyright. Please contact apprec@central.uh.edu for more information. Cartas Discriminación contra mexicoamericanos Discriminación en el empleo Discriminación en vivienda Perales, Alonso S., 1898-1960 Votación http://usldhrecovery.uh.edu/files/original/33/4910/pera0496_page-0001.jpg 5909d016c4e354673b89c147ee13b9c8 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Documenting Discrimination: Alonso S. Perales Correspondence (1927-1952) Subject The topic of the resource Letters Perales, Alonso S., 1898-1960 Discrimination against Mexican Americans Discrimination in employment Race discrimination--public establishments Race discrimination--restaurants; Segregation in education Discrimination in housing Race discrimination in medical care Veteran Police brutality Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Alonso S. Perales Collection: General Correspondence, c. 1920-1960. University of Houston Libraries Special Collections. EBSCO Arte Público Hispanic Historical Collection: Series 2. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1927-1952 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Perales, Alonso S. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Content compilation of The Latino/Hispanic American Experience Leaders, Writers and Thinkers copyright 2012 by Arte Público Historical Collections. All rights reserved. Relation A related resource <a href="https://usldhrecovery.uh.edu/collections/show/1">Alonso S. Perales Collection</a> Arte Público Hispanic Historical Collection: Series 2 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource JPG Language A language of the resource Spanish Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context pera0000 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Texas Description An account of the resource Alonso S. Perales, one of the greatest Latino civil rights leaders ever, was one of the first Latino public intellectuals to master the use of the media in pioneering efforts to track and report on discrimination. Over the course of forty years of activism, during the 1920s to 1960, Perales wrote a weekly column in San Antonio’s La Prensa newspaper, the periodical with the greatest and most extensive circulation; had a radio program; published books; and maintained an unheard of level of correspondence, writing daily as many as ten letters to the authorities, civil rights activists and just everyday folk. One campaign he maintained over many years was his use of the periodicals and radio program to invite victims and witnesses of discrimination to document the cases in letter form and send them to him at his San Antonio law office. He would abstract these testimonies in his newspaper columns and radio programs and use them as evidence to demand corrective action and policy changes from government at every level. In the Alonso S. Perales archive hundreds of these letters have been preserved; many of them were written by hand by working-class people who were most likely to suffer the indignities and denial of services because they were Mexicans or Latinos. Because La Prensa and Perales’ network was so broad, the letters came not only from throughout Texas and the Southwest but from as far north as North Dakota and east as the Carolinas. The record is diverse in documenting everything from barbers refusing to cut hair to schools that would not allow Mexican families to register their children. The Perales collection of correspondence is one of the very few documentary sources that precisely date, locate and describe the instances of segregation, violence and racism experienced by Latinos over a long period of time: names are named, addresses noted and alleged crimes publicized; in most cases, however, these acts were committed with impunity, but the informal history and conscience of la raza was recording them. And now, the researchers of posterity can study and reference them in writing a truer history of the United States, and communities can become aware of these acts in developing laws and policy. Alonso S. Perales, uno de los líderes latinos más importantes de derechos civiles, fue uno de los primeros intelectuales públicos en dominar el uso de los medios de comunicación y pionero en dedicar esfuerzos a rastrear y denunciar instancias de discriminación. A lo largo de cuarenta años de activismo, durante las décadas de 1920 hasta 1960, Perales escribió columnas semanales en el periódico La Prensa de San Antonio, el diario con la mayor y más extensa circulación de ese período; además tuvo un programa de radio; publicó libros; y mantuvo una extensa correspondencia, escribiendo hasta diez cartas diarias dirigidas a autoridades, activistas de derechos civiles y gente en general. Perales impulsó una campaña, que mantuvo durante muchos años, donde a través de publicaciones en periódicos y su programa de radio invitaba a las víctimas y testigos de actos de discriminación a documentar estos casos en forma de cartas y a enviárselas a su despacho de abogados de San Antonio, Texas. Perales resumía estos testimonios en sus columnas periodísticas y programas de radio y los utilizaba como prueba para exigir medidas correctivas y cambios de política al gobierno a todo nivel. En el archivo de Alonso S. Perales se conservan cientos de estas cartas; muchas de ellas escritas a mano provenientes en su mayoría de la clase trabajadora que tenía más probabilidades de sufrir humillaciones y negación de servicios por ser mexicanos o latinos. Como la red de La Prensa y de Perales eran tan amplias, las cartas vinieron no solo desde Texas y del suroeste sino también desde lugares tan al norte como Dakota del Norte y del este como Carolina del Sur y Carolina del Norte. El material es variado y documenta desde barberos que se negaban a cortar el pelo hasta escuelas que no permitían a las familias mexicanas matricular a sus hijos. La colección de correspondencia de Perales es una de las escasas fuentes documentales que datan, localizan y describen con precisión los casos de segregación, violencia y racismo sufridos por los latinos durante un largo periodo de tiempo: se citan nombres, se anotan direcciones y se publicitan presuntos delitos; en la mayoría de los casos, sin embargo, estos actos se cometían con impunidad, pero la historia informal y la conciencia de la raza los registraban. Y ahora, los investigadores de la posteridad pueden estudiarlos y hacer referencia a ellos al escribir una historia más verdadera de Estados Unidos, y las comunidades pueden tomar conciencia de estos actos al momento de elaborar leyes y políticas. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context pera0496 Title A name given to the resource To Frank Hines, From [Unknown], November 1, 1942 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1942-11-01 Subject The topic of the resource Letters Perales, Alonso S., 1898-1960 Discrimination against Mexican Americans Race discrimination--public establishments Race discrimination--restaurants Description An account of the resource Letter from [Unknown] to Frank Hines regarding an instance of discrimination at Sommers Cafe in Anson, Texas where he and others were refused service because they were of Mexican descent. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource [Unknown] Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Alonso S. Perales Collection: General Correspondence, c. 1920-1960. Relation A related resource Arte Público Hispanic Historical Collection: Series 2 Language A language of the resource Spanish Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Anson (Tex.) Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource JPG Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Items in this collection may be under copyright. Please contact apprec@central.uh.edu for more information. Cartas Discriminación contra los mexicoamericanos Discriminación racial--establecimientos públicos Discriminación racial--restaurantes Perales, Alonso S., 1898-1960 http://usldhrecovery.uh.edu/files/original/1/206/pera0062.jpg c2c58cf47d8ef0782878b93228d2e824 http://usldhrecovery.uh.edu/files/original/1/206/pera0062_001.jpg 53d29b0ad5a83e1bd045b0f98d58e5e6 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Alonso S. Perales Collection Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Alonso S. Perales Papers Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Arte Público Press/Recovering the US Hispanic Literary Heritage Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Arte Público Press Language A language of the resource Spanish English Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Perales, Alonso S. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource JPEG Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Photograph Subject The topic of the resource PERALES, Alonso S., 1898-1960 LEAGUE of United Latin American Citizens CIVIC participation: working for civil rights MEXICAN Americans LATINO Americans ACTIVISTS RACE discrimination Relation A related resource Alonso S. Perales Papers, University of Houston Libraries Special Collections EBSCO Arte Público Hispanic Historical Collection: Series 2 Description An account of the resource Alonso S. Perales (1898-1960) was a lawyer, statesman, diplomat, author, writer, speaker. His collection is held at the University of Houston's Special Collections. A sampling of his photographs, letters, and documents are included here. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Perales, Alonso S. Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Personal Collection Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource To Governor Coke Stevenson, Executive Department, From Lorenzo G. Lafarelle, Alphine, Texas, September 30, 1943. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Lafarelle, Lorenzo G. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1943-09-30 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Alonso S. Perales Papers: General Correspondence, c. 1920-1960. J-L, p144-145. 2p. University of Houston Libraries Special Collections EBSCO Arte Público Hispanic Historical Collection: Series 2 Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Subject The topic of the resource LETTERS RACE discrimination - public establishments STEVENSON, Coke R. (Coke Robert), 1888-1975 LAFARELLA, Lornezo G. COMPLAINT letters LATIN Americans MILITARY Personnel LAW TEXAS. Good Neighbor Commission TEXAS State Guard GRANADA Theatres Ltd. APOLOGIZING Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context pera0062 Relation A related resource Arte Público Hispanic Historical Collection: Series 2 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource JPEG Description An account of the resource Letter to Governor Coke Stevenson from Lorenzo G. Lafarelle, submitting a formal complaint of racial discrimination by Mr. C.W. Davis. manager for a movie theater establishment in Alpine Texas. Mr. Lafarelle is a Sergeant in the Texas State Guard and demands an apology from Mr. C.W. Davis and requests that the Governor provide information regarding the outcome of the complaint. Good Neighbor Commission is referenced. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant ALPINE (Tex.) AUSTIN (Tex.) Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Items in this collection may be under copyright. Please contact apprec@central.uh.edu for more information. Scripto Transcription A written representation of a document. Alpine, Texas [From] September 30, 1943 Governor Coke Stevenson [To] Executive Department Austin, Texas Dear Sir: Knowing very well your sincere desire to help eliminate the racial discrimination and prejudice that some Anglo Americans exercise against the Latin American people, and knowing of HOUSE CONCURRENT RESOLUTION No. 105 passed on the 25th day of June, A.D., 1943, as also of your OPEN LETTER TO PEACE OFFICERS IN TEXAS, I, LORENZO G. LAFARELLE, formally file a complaint to you and the GOOD NEIGHBOR COMMISSION against Mr. C.W. Davis, Manager of the GRANADA THEATRE in Alpine, for the following discriminatory incident which happened to me, personally, at that theatre, on Wednesday night, September 15, 1943. I invited two Latin American girls (college students) to the picture show, at the local theatre. They accepted my invitation. We approached the Box Office, at the theatre, and I asked for three downstairs tickets. The ticket girl, her name being Emy Lou Harris, refused to sell them to me. I asked her the reason for her refusal to see me downstairs tickets. She said that she had orders from the manager, Mr. C, W, Davis, not to sell downstairs tickers to any Latin American. She told me that I could have balcony tickets, but not downstairs tickets. I demanded to see Mr. Davis about the matter and get an explanation from him as to the reason for this action, but I was told that he was out of town. After I had left the girls at the Dormitory, I contacted the boy that was receiving the tickets that night, his name being Billie Weston, and tried to confirm from him the box office girl’s assertions as to the orders she had received from the manager, He asserted Miss Harris’ statements. He said they had orders not to sell downstairs tickets or let any Latin Americans go downstairs. Now, I ask you. Is this racial discrimination? Of course, it is. Any person who can think can see in this action a clear and unjust case of racial discrimination. The only reason why I was refused the tickets was that I am a Latin American. Then why, I ask you, is a Latin American expected to fight against Hitler’s and the Japs’ ideas of a superior race, when he sees those principles against which we are fighting practiced against him by many Anglo Americans; even here at home? I want a sound, intelligent, and logical explanation for that. It is unbelievable that such conditions exist in our country, where we proclaim liberty and justice for all. In my opinion nothing could be more Un-Christian and Un-American. It is very strange that our Anglo American brothers who sympathize so much with the oppressed peoples of Europe and Asia, and so strongly condemn their oppressors, persecute a people at home, who loyalty has never been questioned, who have always treated them with the utmost courtesy, who have ever been ready to meet them half-way. I am a young man of 19 years of age, born here in Alpine, and a Sergeant in the Texas State Guard. My brother, Gonzalo G. Lafarelle, was up until his induction into the Army of the United States, a 2nd Lieutenant in Co. A., 3rd Bn., Texas State Guard. Incidents like the one I cite above have been contributing greatly to lower the spirit of our people as well as our fighting men. Such incidents are a crime against American democracy and equality. They put Texas in a low status as a civilized state. I demand an apology from Mr. C.W. Davis, for such a discriminatory and shameful act, and ask as a citizen of the Untied States and of Texas that such discriminatory acts against our people be discontinued. I want him to apologize, if he is enough of a gentleman, to those girls which were in my company when I was refused downstairs tickets at the theatre. I also demand that it may be known to me the outcome of this complaint, and of your and GOOD NEIGHBOR COMMISSION’S dealings with Mr. C.W. Davis regarding this matter. Thank you in advance for your interest on this particular, and expecting to have a favorable reply from you very soon, I remain Respectfully yours, Lorenzo G. Lafarelle Cartas de queja Discriminación racial - establecimientos públicos Granada Theatres Ltd. Lafarelle, Lorenzo Latinoamericanos Ley Pedir Perdon Perales, Alonso S. Personal Militar Stevenson, Coke R. Texas State Guard Texas. Good Neighbor Commission http://usldhrecovery.uh.edu/files/original/1/281/pera0013.jpg a6e5225e6b5ed3d491269a4660a0c168 http://usldhrecovery.uh.edu/files/original/1/281/pera0013_001.jpg 5c2892abf27a0c787cb9da99032dec68 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Alonso S. Perales Collection Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Alonso S. Perales Papers Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Arte Público Press/Recovering the US Hispanic Literary Heritage Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Arte Público Press Language A language of the resource Spanish English Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Perales, Alonso S. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource JPEG Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Photograph Subject The topic of the resource PERALES, Alonso S., 1898-1960 LEAGUE of United Latin American Citizens CIVIC participation: working for civil rights MEXICAN Americans LATINO Americans ACTIVISTS RACE discrimination Relation A related resource Alonso S. Perales Papers, University of Houston Libraries Special Collections EBSCO Arte Público Hispanic Historical Collection: Series 2 Description An account of the resource Alonso S. Perales (1898-1960) was a lawyer, statesman, diplomat, author, writer, speaker. His collection is held at the University of Houston's Special Collections. A sampling of his photographs, letters, and documents are included here. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Perales, Alonso S. Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource To Hon. Alonso Perales, From Eloisa Galan, March 11, 1944. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Galan, Eloisa Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Alonso S. Perales Papers: General Correspondence, c. 1920-1960. G, 011-012. 2p. University of Houston Libraries Special Collections EBSCO Arte Público Hispanic Historical Collection: Series 2 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1944-03-11 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource JPEG Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context pera0013 Description An account of the resource Letter to Alonso. S. Perales, from Mrs. Eloisa Galan that iterates the Del Rio Ration Board (Civil Service Department) need Spanish speaking clerks to assist those who do not speak English from nearby Spanish speaking communities. She states that there are people in the department who are "prejudice and narrow minded”. She requests Alonso S. Perales to contact Mr. Ben Foster, former United States Attorney at San Antonio to in turn contact C. Fenner Roth, District Administrative Officer of the OPA to provide Spanish speaking clerks. Mrs. Galan also references that Mexican American soldiers, fighting for the United States who are also being discriminated against, and how the Ration Board food clerks are treating the families of these soldiers “shabbily”. She believes that help from Badomer Puig, Commanding Office of the 458th and Mrs. Dignam of the Ration Board can help by employing wives of the Mexican American soldiers in the Telephone Office and the Ration Board. Subject The topic of the resource CIVIL service positions CIVIL service – minority employment DISCRIMINATION against Mexican Americans RACE discrimination LETTERS MILITARY MEXICAN American Soldiers PERALES, Alonso S., 1898-1960 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Items in this collection may be under copyright. Please contact apprec@central.uh.edu for more information. Scripto Transcription A written representation of a document. P.O.Box 549, Del Rio, Texas. March 11, 1944. Hon. Alonso Perales, 714 Gunter Bldg., San Antonio, Texas. Dear Sir: I hate to bother you and impose on you but ever since the Ration Board was established in Del Rio there has been a great need of Latin American employees (U.S. citizens under Civil Service) in the Ration Board, both in the Gasoline and Food Departments. The majority of our Del Rio inhabitants are Spanish-speaking adults who do not understand one word in English, and the people from Villa Acuna who get ration cards and shoe stamps in this Ration Board do not understand English. The Chief Clerk of the Ration Board is a Mrs. Kathryn Richmond, and I hate to say it but she is the most prejudiced narrow-minded person I have ever seen. The people are simply afraid of her. I have written my former employer, Mr. Ben F. Foster, former United States Attorney of San Antonio, under this date, that for God's sake to lease ask Mr. C. Fenner Roth, District Administrative Officer, of the OPA in San Antonio to give us Spanish-speaking clerks. Of the four employees there, three do not speak one word of English, and Mrs. Richmond very little if any at all. She does not understand that under Civil Service, Federal employees are required to be courteous and polite regardless of the race, nationality or station in life of the customers of the Ration Board. Will you please be so kind as to phone Mr. Foster and assure him that anything that he does in behalf of our Latin American people will be greatly appreciated? I do not know whether you have heard or not-well, anyway, in spite of "TIME MAGAZINE'S" timely report of February 7th in regard to Texans and our Mexican people, last week a scene [partially handwritten] occurred in Del Rio: A Mexican soldier, member of the United States Armed forces was passing through Del Rio on a train. He got off the train during a few minutes' stopand started to talk with an M.P. Two Del Rio border patrolmen, one a Mr. F.S. Centilli passed the soldier, and upon noticing that the soldier had medals on his breast asked him: "Say, Mexican how did you get those medals?" stating it with contempt. The boy did not pay attention to him but continued to talk to the M.P. Nevertheless, Centilli #2 returned and continued to pick on the soldier. Finally, the soldier got angered and said: "This is how I obtained my medals" and he socked Centilli on the jaw. At that moment the other border patrol men started to get out his pistol and was going kill our Mexican soldier of the U.S. armed forces. Then the Anglo-American M.P. made and forced the border patrol man to desist from killing our soldier. Mexican employees of the round house as well as a Misses De Leon, prominent Del Rio young ladies witnessed it. Is this what our Mexican boys are fighting for? No, Mr. Perales, it is sad to state and every day more and more married men with children of our nationality are being drawn into the armed forces. Here on the home front their families are treated shabbily by the Ration Board food clerks. I really believe that it is about time that some-thing be done. There is a Lieutenant by the name of Baldomero Puig, commanding officer of the 458th Squadron in Del Rio, and he is from Laredo. I sincerely believe that if his help is obtained in instilling soldiers' wives who are employed in the down town Del Rio both in the telephone office as operat [scratched word] and one in the Ration Board by the name of Mrs. Dignam and make them understand that our Mexican people have stood a lot of abuse in the past, but if they do not desist something is going to happen. Does World War III have to start in this section of the country? It looks like it will be from the attitude of the prejudiced Anglo-American people of this section, not all of them but a good many of them. Respectfully, Eloisa Galan [Handwritten - Signature] P.S. It is sad to pass this information on to you. I being a Federal employee, but I am a citizen, of Mexican nationality, and if we do not all unite now, we never wll. EG. 458th Squadron del Rio Cartas Discriminación contra mexicoamericanos Discriminación racial Empleados públicos - empleo minoritario Foster, Ben Galán, Eloisa Militar Perales, Alonso S. Puestos de funcionarios Puig, Badomer Soldados-Mexicanoamericanos http://usldhrecovery.uh.edu/files/original/1/276/pera0008.jpg 1bcf19153d90529ec8711e08f17b0d4d http://usldhrecovery.uh.edu/files/original/1/276/pera0008_001.jpg 7c332cc5039dc349ebfcb98b6340a1ae Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Alonso S. Perales Collection Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Alonso S. Perales Papers Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Arte Público Press/Recovering the US Hispanic Literary Heritage Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Arte Público Press Language A language of the resource Spanish English Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Perales, Alonso S. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource JPEG Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Photograph Subject The topic of the resource PERALES, Alonso S., 1898-1960 LEAGUE of United Latin American Citizens CIVIC participation: working for civil rights MEXICAN Americans LATINO Americans ACTIVISTS RACE discrimination Relation A related resource Alonso S. Perales Papers, University of Houston Libraries Special Collections EBSCO Arte Público Hispanic Historical Collection: Series 2 Description An account of the resource Alonso S. Perales (1898-1960) was a lawyer, statesman, diplomat, author, writer, speaker. His collection is held at the University of Houston's Special Collections. A sampling of his photographs, letters, and documents are included here. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Perales, Alonso S. Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource To Hon. Alonso S. Perales, Nicaraguan Consul General, From Mrs. W. W. Dees, State Director General, Pan American Round Tables, March 24, 1939 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Dees, W. W. Mrs. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Alonso S. Perales Papers: General Correspondence, c. 1920-1960. C-D, p207-208. 2p. 1 Illustration. University of Houston Libraries Special Collections EBSCO Arte Público Hispanic Historical Collection: Series 2 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1939-03-24 Relation A related resource To Honorable A. Perales, Consul de Nicaragua, From Mrs. W. W. Dees, State Director General, Pan American Round Tables, January 28, 1939. To Mrs. W.W. Dees, State Director General, Pan American Round Tables, From Alonso S. Perales, Jan. 31, 1939. To Mrs. W.W, Dees, State Director General, Pan American Round Tables, From Alonso S. Perales, March 17, 1939. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource JPEG Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context pera0008 Subject The topic of the resource LETTERS PAN American round tables CONFERENCES & conventions PERALES, Alonso S., 1898-1960 Description An account of the resource Letter to Alonso S. Perales from Mrs. W. W. Dees State Director General of the Pan American Round Tables. Letter thanks Mr. Perales on his address of the “Good Neighbor Policy” and “Recent Developments in the Western Hemisphere during the Pan American Round Table Convention. She also states that his address did a great favor to the State organization, and the local Table. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant SAN Antonio (Tex.) Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Items in this collection may be under copyright. Please contact apprec@central.uh.edu for more information. Scripto Transcription A written representation of a document. [LETTERHEAD - Center Page] "One for All All for One" Pan American Round Table -San Antonio, Texas [Round Seal] Organized October 1916 State Director Mrs. W. W. Dees Box 950 McAllen, Texas [LETTERHEAD - LEFT SIDE] Mrs. J. H. Gregory Corresponding Sec'ty Mrs. A. F. Vannoy Recording Sec'ty Mrs. J. A. Hawkins Treasurer Mrs. L.B. Weed Historian Mrs. W. H. Moon Parliamentarian [LETTERHEAD - RIGHT SIDE] Mrs. R. D. Sundell Brownsville, Texas Mrs. Locke Purnell Laredo, Texas Mrs. J. C. Griswold San Antonio, Texas Miss Lillian Wester Austin, Texas Mrs. Stone J. Robinson Dallas, Texas Mrs. W.L. Brown El Paso, Texas March 24, 1939 Hon. Alonso S. Perales Nicaraguan Consul General San Antonio, Texas May I ask you to please excuse this seeming negligence on my part to write you, which has been due to my own health and the illnessof my mother since our convention. Your letter with its words of praise for the work done by our local Round Table, is deeply appreciated by each of us. I can truthfully say I have never seen a group with a finer cooperative spirit, or one more loyal to its head officer - this makes me feel very humble and eager to do all in my power. I was indeed sorry that I was not in the liv-ing room to say good-bye to you and Mrs. Perales when you left the reception at the home of Dr. Morris, and that I was not well enough to be out on the porch and in the garden, where most of you were, so that I could visit with each of you. It was a great disappointment to not have the strength to do what I wanted to do, still I was so thankful to be able to be out at all. I sincerely thank you for the package of mag-azines and material on Nicaragua, as well as the news items in your letter regarding "my country", and feel sure I shall be able to get a number of interesting items from them for our meeting. Most of all I want to again thank you for com-ing to us during Convention and giving us such a masterful address on the "Good Neighbor Policy and Recent Develop-ments in the Western Hemisphere". It was intensely inter-esting and enlightening. I thoroughly enjoyed it and the copy of the "highlights" which I have read and reread. My #2 husband was so sorry to have to leave before you finished your talk, but has enjoyed the "highlights" as has my mother. You certainly did us a great favor when you brought us this address, and the State organization, our local Table, and I feel that we are deeply indebted to you, and shall never be able to really express our most sincere and heart-felt thanks. When you and Mrs. Perales are in the Valley again please come by to see us - we shall be delighted to see you and have the visit that we failed to have this last time. Mr. Dees joins me in kindest regards to you both. Most sincerely, Elisa L Dees [Handwritten - Signature] (Mrs. W. W. Dees) State Director General Pan American Round Tables P.S. - I am having copies made of the "highlights" of your address and sending them with the minutes of the Convention to each Table in the state and Mexico City. E.L.D. Cartas Congresos y convenciones Dees, Mrs. W. W. Good Neighbor Policy Mesas redondas panamericanas Perales, Alonso S. http://usldhrecovery.uh.edu/files/original/1/191/pera0067.jpg eb08c427baa8804c7022f637e5855e8e http://usldhrecovery.uh.edu/files/original/1/191/pera0067_001.jpg 7ec27687e6e6f5922764771a933638f2 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Alonso S. Perales Collection Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Alonso S. Perales Papers Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Arte Público Press/Recovering the US Hispanic Literary Heritage Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Arte Público Press Language A language of the resource Spanish English Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Perales, Alonso S. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource JPEG Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Photograph Subject The topic of the resource PERALES, Alonso S., 1898-1960 LEAGUE of United Latin American Citizens CIVIC participation: working for civil rights MEXICAN Americans LATINO Americans ACTIVISTS RACE discrimination Relation A related resource Alonso S. Perales Papers, University of Houston Libraries Special Collections EBSCO Arte Público Hispanic Historical Collection: Series 2 Description An account of the resource Alonso S. Perales (1898-1960) was a lawyer, statesman, diplomat, author, writer, speaker. His collection is held at the University of Houston's Special Collections. A sampling of his photographs, letters, and documents are included here. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Perales, Alonso S. Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Personal Collection Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource To Hon. Alonzo S. Perales, From George Reid, Sociedad Mutualista Mexicana, Feb. 16, 1941. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Reid, George Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1941-02-16 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Alonso S. Perales Collection: General Correspondence, c. 1920-1960. R, p031-032. 2p. University of Houston Libraries Special Collections EBSCO Arte Público Hispanic Historical Collection: Series 2 Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Subject The topic of the resource LETTERS PERALES, Alonso S., 1898-1960 MINING camps--West (U.S.) DISCRIMINATION in Medical Care - Race discrimination in Medical Care HOSPITALS--Prospective payment--Corrupt practices--United States MEXICANS Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context pera0067 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource JPEG Description An account of the resource Letter to Alonso Perales from George Reid, an American Baptist preacher from Fort Worth Texas. He begins the letter regarding the situations taking place at the mining camp in Malakoff Texas. Doctors were charging high prices and ordering unnecessary procedures to take care of the Mexicans who were sick. These Mexican individuals and families were forced to pay or “risk death of their sick”. He would like to begin the process of organizing a “chain of hospitals and clinics all over Texas in the way of cooperative medicine”. The Baptist Hospital in Fort Worth, Texas is available with all equipment for $50,000. Mr. Reid mentions ways to raise money by way of donations. Mr. Reid writes that “the movement out to start from the initiative of the Mexicans themselves”, and that “it should be run by Mexicans for Mexicans”. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant FORT Worth (Tex.) MALAKOFF (Tex.) Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Items in this collection may be under copyright. Please contact apprec@central.uh.edu for more information. Scripto Transcription A written representation of a document. Estimable Hon. Perales; Due to a system of help herein the mining camp at Malakoff, Texas whereby the Mexicans pooled their money to take care of the sickness in the camp; it seems that the American doctors, upon whom they called, took advantage of a large amount of money in the fund and ordered unnecessary operations and at prices whichcontinually kept the funds depleted and which seemed to be much higher than others had to pay on the average. Being Mexicans, there was no way they could help it, except pay the demands rather than risk the death of their sick. Now the work has almost stopped here, because the company which had used the fuel has switched to gas, and almost all the Mexicans are gone. However, there are some still here, and we have talked a little about starting, or seeing about starting, a state-wide movement for medical insurance among the Mexicans and set up Mexican institutions to care for their sick. As we have never had any experience in any such a movement we need some advice; and knowing by your articles in “La Prensa” that you are fighting for justice for your people, we felts sure that you would be glad to advise us free of charge. Also, we felt that if you should find such a movement possible, you might lend us the support of your influence and leadership in getting it established on a sound basis. Here are some facts which may help you in considering the possibility of the movement: The Baptist Hospital in Fort Worth, Texas, with all its equipment is for sale for $50,000. It has been vacant for a period of two years, though its equipment was up-to-date- the last time it was in use. Of course, we understand that in an unorganized and uninformed state there is no possibility in raising the money. We thought we could organize and inform the people by means of letters including enough money to correspond with others. They in turn could be asked to enclose money so that in a little while many centers could be informed with the minimum of expense upon the shoulders of any one person. You see that unless there are other complications which we do not now see, a little money could be collected from a fraction of the Mexican population of Texas, and it would be enough to seing the deal for the hospital and set it in operation. If you want to learn more about this particular hospital, you may write Dr. Scarborough. I have already talked to the business manager of the Baptist Seminary there who also takes care of the hospital and he wanted me to see Dr. Scarborough, but we think Perhaps you could handle the situation in a way more satisfactory to all. As this is no attempt to sell the Baptist Hospital, any other approach could be made by any other means which may see advisable. I suppose by now you are wondering who is the author of this letter. I am an American Baptist preacher who comes from the Seminary at Fort Worth every week end to preach to the people here. It struck me as deplorable that the Mexicans can not get a square deal when it comes to medical aid particularly. I believe the only way they can ever get a square deal is to organize a chain of hospitals and clinics all over Texas in the way of cooperative medicine. You are, perhaps, well acquainted with the English system of cooperative medicine before this war started. I believe that, roughly, [that???? To be – handwritten] something of the nature of the movement here. I, too, as well as you, have the interest of racial understanding at heart; and I do not wish to try to stir up any more strife. I just think that if the Mexicans could be organized thus in a quiet way to care for their own sick, itcould be an avenue of influence by which they could gain the respect of American citizens in all walks of life. My business is to preach the Gospel, and I do not feel that I ought, in the first place, to spend my time in purely social efforts, although I realize that my work ought to be thoroughly filled with the Christian social emphasis. In the second place, I think that the movement ought to start from the initiative of the Mexicans themselves, so that it would have their confidence at the outset. I believe that all the organization should be run by Mexicans and for Mexicans. I am quite confident that they are fully competent to do everything necessary. If I have not properly represented the Mexican interests, and it is entirely possible that such is the case, you may write to Jesus Garcia, Malakoff, Texas. He is the Secretary of the Society mentioned on tis stationery. In case you would like to know more about what I have in mind than I have been able to tell here, you may write me at 4713 Stanley Street, Fort Worth, Texas. With best wishes for you and your high ideals for all the American peoples, I am Very Sincerely yours, George Reid. Campamentos Mineros--Oeste (U.S.) Cartas Cooperative Medicine Discriminación en el cuidado médico - Discriminación racial en el ciudado médico Hospitales--Pago Prospectivo--Prácticas Corruptas--Estados Unidos Mexicanos Perales, Alonso S. Reid, George http://usldhrecovery.uh.edu/files/original/33/4841/pera0322_page-0001.jpg f6a77d010d9451d427956b7af8150714 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Documenting Discrimination: Alonso S. Perales Correspondence (1927-1952) Subject The topic of the resource Letters Perales, Alonso S., 1898-1960 Discrimination against Mexican Americans Discrimination in employment Race discrimination--public establishments Race discrimination--restaurants; Segregation in education Discrimination in housing Race discrimination in medical care Veteran Police brutality Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Alonso S. Perales Collection: General Correspondence, c. 1920-1960. University of Houston Libraries Special Collections. EBSCO Arte Público Hispanic Historical Collection: Series 2. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1927-1952 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Perales, Alonso S. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Content compilation of The Latino/Hispanic American Experience Leaders, Writers and Thinkers copyright 2012 by Arte Público Historical Collections. All rights reserved. Relation A related resource <a href="https://usldhrecovery.uh.edu/collections/show/1">Alonso S. Perales Collection</a> Arte Público Hispanic Historical Collection: Series 2 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource JPG Language A language of the resource Spanish Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context pera0000 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Texas Description An account of the resource Alonso S. Perales, one of the greatest Latino civil rights leaders ever, was one of the first Latino public intellectuals to master the use of the media in pioneering efforts to track and report on discrimination. Over the course of forty years of activism, during the 1920s to 1960, Perales wrote a weekly column in San Antonio’s La Prensa newspaper, the periodical with the greatest and most extensive circulation; had a radio program; published books; and maintained an unheard of level of correspondence, writing daily as many as ten letters to the authorities, civil rights activists and just everyday folk. One campaign he maintained over many years was his use of the periodicals and radio program to invite victims and witnesses of discrimination to document the cases in letter form and send them to him at his San Antonio law office. He would abstract these testimonies in his newspaper columns and radio programs and use them as evidence to demand corrective action and policy changes from government at every level. In the Alonso S. Perales archive hundreds of these letters have been preserved; many of them were written by hand by working-class people who were most likely to suffer the indignities and denial of services because they were Mexicans or Latinos. Because La Prensa and Perales’ network was so broad, the letters came not only from throughout Texas and the Southwest but from as far north as North Dakota and east as the Carolinas. The record is diverse in documenting everything from barbers refusing to cut hair to schools that would not allow Mexican families to register their children. The Perales collection of correspondence is one of the very few documentary sources that precisely date, locate and describe the instances of segregation, violence and racism experienced by Latinos over a long period of time: names are named, addresses noted and alleged crimes publicized; in most cases, however, these acts were committed with impunity, but the informal history and conscience of la raza was recording them. And now, the researchers of posterity can study and reference them in writing a truer history of the United States, and communities can become aware of these acts in developing laws and policy. Alonso S. Perales, uno de los líderes latinos más importantes de derechos civiles, fue uno de los primeros intelectuales públicos en dominar el uso de los medios de comunicación y pionero en dedicar esfuerzos a rastrear y denunciar instancias de discriminación. A lo largo de cuarenta años de activismo, durante las décadas de 1920 hasta 1960, Perales escribió columnas semanales en el periódico La Prensa de San Antonio, el diario con la mayor y más extensa circulación de ese período; además tuvo un programa de radio; publicó libros; y mantuvo una extensa correspondencia, escribiendo hasta diez cartas diarias dirigidas a autoridades, activistas de derechos civiles y gente en general. Perales impulsó una campaña, que mantuvo durante muchos años, donde a través de publicaciones en periódicos y su programa de radio invitaba a las víctimas y testigos de actos de discriminación a documentar estos casos en forma de cartas y a enviárselas a su despacho de abogados de San Antonio, Texas. Perales resumía estos testimonios en sus columnas periodísticas y programas de radio y los utilizaba como prueba para exigir medidas correctivas y cambios de política al gobierno a todo nivel. En el archivo de Alonso S. Perales se conservan cientos de estas cartas; muchas de ellas escritas a mano provenientes en su mayoría de la clase trabajadora que tenía más probabilidades de sufrir humillaciones y negación de servicios por ser mexicanos o latinos. Como la red de La Prensa y de Perales eran tan amplias, las cartas vinieron no solo desde Texas y del suroeste sino también desde lugares tan al norte como Dakota del Norte y del este como Carolina del Sur y Carolina del Norte. El material es variado y documenta desde barberos que se negaban a cortar el pelo hasta escuelas que no permitían a las familias mexicanas matricular a sus hijos. La colección de correspondencia de Perales es una de las escasas fuentes documentales que datan, localizan y describen con precisión los casos de segregación, violencia y racismo sufridos por los latinos durante un largo periodo de tiempo: se citan nombres, se anotan direcciones y se publicitan presuntos delitos; en la mayoría de los casos, sin embargo, estos actos se cometían con impunidad, pero la historia informal y la conciencia de la raza los registraban. Y ahora, los investigadores de la posteridad pueden estudiarlos y hacer referencia a ellos al escribir una historia más verdadera de Estados Unidos, y las comunidades pueden tomar conciencia de estos actos al momento de elaborar leyes y políticas. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context pera0322 Title A name given to the resource To Hon. J. O. Loftin, Kingsville, Texas, From Alonso S. Perales, San Antonio, Texas, August 12, 1938 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1938-08-12 Subject The topic of the resource Letters Perales, Alonso S., 1898-1960 Discrimination against Mexican Americans Mexican Americans--Mexican Americans--Segregation Mexican Americans--Segregation in Higher Education Description An account of the resource A followup letter from Alonso S. Perales to J. O. Loftin, President of Texas College of Arts and Industries regarding a report that Latin-American women were denied admission into a dorm due to their race. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Perales, Alonso S. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Alonso S. Perales Collection: General Correspondence, c. 1920-1960. Relation A related resource Arte Público Hispanic Historical Collection: Series 2 "To Hon. J. O. Loftin, Kingsville, Texas, From Alonso S. Perales, San Antonio, Texas, May 31, 1938" Alonso S. Perales Collection: General Correspondence, c. 1920-1960. Lighty, W. H..January 18, 1927. Page: 169 Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Kingsville (Tex.) Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource JPG Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Items in this collection may be under copyright. Please contact apprec@central.uh.edu for more information. Cartas Discriminación contra mexicoamericanos Mexicanoamericanos--Segregación Mexicanoamericanos--Segregación en la educación Perales, Alonso S., 1898-1960