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                  <text>PERALES, Alonso S., 1898-1960</text>
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                  <text>Alonso S. Perales (1898-1960) was a lawyer, statesman, diplomat, author, writer, speaker. His collection is held at the University of Houston's Special Collections. A sampling of his photographs, letters, and documents are included here.</text>
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                <text>To Dr. Carlos E. Castañeda, Assistant to the Chairman, President's Committee on Fair Employment Practice, C/o Adams Hotel, Phoenix, Arizona, from [PERALES] June 3, 1944.</text>
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                <text>Alonso S. Perales Papers: LULAC &amp; Sons of America: Correspondence, 1927-1957. University of Houston Libraries Special Collections</text>
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                <text>Report to Carlos E. Castañeda from Alonso S. Perales regarding "night letters" that were sent to Congressman Kilday, Senator Connally and 20 other members of the Committee of Labor.  The report also mentions Mr. Gonzales and his request for Congressman Fernandez to appear before the Committee and speak "In the name of the three million Latin Americans in the U.S."</text>
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                <text>Items in this collection may be under copyright. Please contact apprec@central.uh.edu for more information.</text>
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                <text>June 3, 1944&#13;
Dr. Carlos Castañeda, [To]&#13;
Assistant to the Chairman&#13;
President's Committee on Fair Employment Practice,&#13;
C/0 Adams Hotel&#13;
Phoenix, Arizona.&#13;
&#13;
Dear Friend:&#13;
&#13;
Well on June 1st we sent the following message to Congressman Kilday, Senator Connally and to the twenty members of the Committee on Labor whose names you furnished us:&#13;
&#13;
"THREE MILLION LOYAL LATIN AMERICANS IN SOUTHWEST WILL APPRECIATE YOUR SUPPORTING DAWSON-SCANLON-LAFOLLETTE BILL.  FOR OUR NATION'S SAKE ECONOMIC DISCRIMINATION MUST BE ELIMINATED FOREVER.&#13;
&#13;
COMMITTEE OF ONE HUNDRED. [FROM]&#13;
LEAGUE OF LOYAL AMERICANS&#13;
Alonso S. Perales&#13;
Director General"&#13;
&#13;
Altogether we sent 22 "night letters" like the above.  They should have received on June 2nd. Mr. M.C. Gonzales assured me that he was going to send similar telegrams in the name of the LULAC organization.  Mr. Moises Maldonado, of the AFOL Union of Hod Carriers and Common Laborers, said they too would send telegrams immediately.  This morning I read in  LA PRENSA the wonderful statement of facts made by Mr. Ernesto Galarza, Chief of the Labor Division of the Pan American Union.  He appeared before the Committee.  Fine work, indeed.  This makes me feel much better, as it shows that after all my presence was not absolutely necessary, since Mr. Galarza was going to speak on the same subject.  He did it well, too.  Mr. Gonzales and I agreed that he would telegraph Congressman Fernandez to appear before the Committee and speak in the name of the three million Latin Americans in the U.S.  I believe Gonzales sent him said telegram. This concludes my report on what we have done at this end.  Please keep me posted on developments.  By the way in addition to [illlegible - writing] Congressman Kilday and Senator Connally I wrote them letters in the name of our Committee and our League.&#13;
&#13;
With kindest regards and best wishes, I remain, as ever, &#13;
Sincerely, your friend,&#13;
&#13;
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                <text>To Major General James L. Collins, Commanding Officer, From [Alonso S. Perales], Director General, The League of Loyal Americans, December 24, 1940.</text>
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                <text>DISCRIMINATION against Mexican Americans</text>
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                <text>Letter to Major General James L. Collins from Alonso Perales, Director General of the League of Loyal Americans regarding the discrimination of U.S. soldiers of Mexican descent. The letter describes how two Mexican Americans, both in United States Army Uniforms are denied admittance to two barbershops located in San Antonio, Texas. Owners of both shops stated they can “deny service or admittance to whomever they please”. Alonso Perales also notes a barbershop in Harlandale Texas also denied service to a member of the Honduran Air Corps. Requests “remedial action from both national and international standpoints.”</text>
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                <text>Alonso S. Perales Papers: The Committee of One Hundred Citizens &amp; the League of Loyal Citizens, 1927-1954, University of Houston Libraries Special Collections</text>
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                <text>To Mr. Alonso S. Perales, Director General, League of Loyal Americans, From James L. Collins, Major General, U. S. Army, Headquarters Second Division, February 8, 1941.</text>
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                <text>SAN Antonio (Tex.)</text>
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HEADQUARTERS SECOND DIVISION &#13;
FORT SAM HOUSTON, TEXAS &#13;
February 8, 1941 &#13;
&#13;
Mr. Alonso S. Perales, Director General &#13;
League of Loyal Americans &#13;
714 Gunter Building &#13;
San Antonio, Texas. &#13;
&#13;
Dear Mr. Perales: &#13;
&#13;
Further reference is made to your kind and courteous communication of December 24, 1940, wherein you state that you are reliably informed that certain barbers are discriminating against American soldier of Mexican descent, attired in United States Army uniforms, merely because of their racial extraction.&#13;
&#13;
While Article 157 of the Texas Penal Code mades it an offense, punishable by a fine, for any person to discriminate against anyone because of his membership in the United States Armt, or becaause of his wearing any Army uniform; unfortunately, in the instant case, the discrimination complained of was fue to the nativity of the soldiers and not because of their being soldiers; consequently, this law would not apply. However, I have had the co-operation of Mr. John R. Shook, District Attorney of Bexar County, Texas, with whom I have collaborated on the subject and I am advised there is now no desire on the part of the barbers to discriminate against any soldiers who may present themselves for service. &#13;
&#13;
I appreciate your expression of loyaly and good will and while I can only apply corrective measures where authorized by statute, I assure you I shall at all times endeavor to do my utmost toward furthering the splendid spirit manifested in your letter. Very truly yours, [signed] James L. Collins JAMES L. COLLINS, Major General, U.S. Army, Commanding.</text>
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                <text>To Mr. Tom C. Clark, Assistant Attorney General, From Alonso S. Perales, Director General, Committee of One Hundred, The League of Loyal Americans, Dec. 14, 1944.</text>
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&#13;
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                <text>To Mr. Alonso S. Perales, President, Committee of One Hundred, From Tom C. Clark, Assistant Attorney General, Department of Justice, October 31, 1944.</text>
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                <text>[handwritten: SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS,]&#13;
Dec. 14, 1944.&#13;
&#13;
The Attorney General,&#13;
Washington, D.C.&#13;
&#13;
Attention Mr. Tom C. Clark,&#13;
Assistant Attorney General&#13;
File reference:TCC: EB: AEM&#13;
144-012-4&#13;
&#13;
Gentlemen:&#13;
&#13;
With further reference to our letter of Nov. 6, 1944, [Circled - 1944] [Handwritten- circled 1944] relative to discrimination against Mexicans and Latin Americans generally in the Southwest, we will appreciate it very much if you will answer the three questions which we asked you in said letter. To the three million inhabitants of Mexican descent of the United States, and particularly to the one quarter of a million soldiers of Mexican descent now on the firing line, it is of utmost importance that you advise us whether or not you are willing to make the investigation mentioned, and to submit to President Roosevelt and Secretary Stimson the evidence which we have sent you. Our honest opinion is that if you were to ask the owners of the business establishments why they discriminate against the Mexican, they would cease to discriminate; and it would not be necessary for you to threaten them either. All you would have to do would be to identify yourselves as Agents of the F.B.I. We do not see where you would be violating any property rights by asking such a question. In the first place, you have the right to investigate UN-AMERICAN activities. Who knows but that at the bottom of this all you may find a ring of fith [circled and handwritten - fifth] columists?&#13;
&#13;
Than king you in advance for a prompt reply, we remain&#13;
Respectfully yours,&#13;
COMMITTEE OF ONE HUNDRED.&#13;
THE LEAGUE OF LOYAL AMERICANS&#13;
By [Handwritten - Alonso S. Perales]&#13;
Director General</text>
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                <text>Alonso S. Perales Papers: The Committee of One Hundred Citizens &amp; the League of Loyal Citizens, 1927-1954. Correspondence A-C, p095-095. 1p. University of Houston Libraries Special Collections</text>
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                <text>Letter to Tom Connally, United States Senator from Alonso Perales.  Request to support Senate Bill 195 for the "Prevention and Control of Tuberculosis".  "Secondary request from Alonso Perales" requesting Mr. Nelson A. Rockefeller send a "corps of lecturers and writers" in which to provide a "diplomatic and tactful campaign"  to create "more sympathethic understanding and fellowship among us here."</text>
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                <text>THE LEAGUE OF LOYAL AMERICANS [Letterhead]&#13;
Suite 714 Gunter Bldg.&#13;
San Antonio, Texas&#13;
&#13;
February 28, 1941&#13;
&#13;
Honorable Tom Connally, [To]&#13;
United States Senator,&#13;
The Capitol,&#13;
Washington, D.C.&#13;
&#13;
Dear Senator Connally:&#13;
&#13;
We will appreciate it very much if you will support Senate Bill 195 for the Prevention and Control of Tuberculosis.  For years we have been assisting in combatting this plague, and it goes without saying that we would feel very happy if said Bill were brought to a hearing at once and passed without delay.  It is positively one of the greatest things you could do to help us solve the problem.  There is much work to be done in Bexar County, as well as other Texas Counties, in the fight against tuberculosis, and there is no money with which to do it.&#13;
&#13;
Thanking you in advance, we remain&#13;
&#13;
Sincerely yours,&#13;
THE LEAGUE OF LOYAL AMERICANS&#13;
By Alonso S. Perales&#13;
Director General&#13;
&#13;
[Dashes across paper]&#13;
&#13;
Dear Senator Connally:&#13;
&#13;
Please ask Mr. Nelson A. Rockefeller, Coordinator of Commercial and Cultural Relations among the American Republics, whether he intends to send us a corps of lecturers and writers to conduct a vigorous, yet diplomatic and tactful campaign, among our Anglo-American friends and fellow-citizens in Texas, designed to create a more sympathetic understanding and fellowship among us here.  We believe Texas is the logical place to really get the two great Races of the Western Hemisphere together, and then cite the situation in Texas as an example to the rest of the American world.&#13;
&#13;
Perales.  &#13;
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                <text>Alonso S. Perales Papers: The Committee of One Hundred Citizens &amp; the League of Loyal Citizens, 1927-1954. University of Houston Libraries Special Collections</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="21760">
                <text>EBSCO Arte Público Hispanic Historical Collection: Series 2</text>
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          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="2383">
                <text>1944-10-31</text>
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            <description>A related resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="2384">
                <text>To Mr. Alonso S. Perales, President, Committee of One Hundred, From Tom C. Clark, Assistant Attorney General, Department of Justice, October 31, 1944.</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="4773">
                <text>To Mr. Tom C. Clark, Assistant Attorney General, From Alonso S. Perales, Director General, Committee of One Hundred, The League of Loyal Americans, Dec. 14, 1944.</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="4774">
                <text>To Mr. Tom Clark, United States Department of Justice, From Alonso S. Perales, President, Committee of One Hundred, The League of Loyal Americans, Oct. 26, 1944.</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="4775">
                <text>To Mr. Tom C. Clark, Assistant Attorney General, From Alonso S. Perales, Director General, Committee of One Hundred, The League of Loyal Americans, Nov. 6, 1944.</text>
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            <name>Format</name>
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              <elementText elementTextId="2385">
                <text>JPEG</text>
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            <name>Language</name>
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              <elementText elementTextId="2386">
                <text>English</text>
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                <text>Text</text>
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          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
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                <text>pera0042</text>
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            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="3301">
                <text>Letter to Tom Clark, Assistant Attorney General, United States Department of Justice, from Alonso S. Perales , President of the League of Loyal Americans.  The letter articulates that based on the list, compiled by Alosno Perales, the Department of Justice should investigate those towns and cities in the State of Texas who practice discrimination.  Mr. Perales also writes that the War Department should investigate the discimination happening to American soldiers of Mexican descent.</text>
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            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="3302">
                <text>WASHINGTON (D.C.)</text>
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                <text>SAN Antonio (Tex.)</text>
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          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="70728">
                <text>Items in this collection may be under copyright. Please contact apprec@central.uh.edu for more information.</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="3401">
                <text>[Handwritten - San Antonio, Texas,]&#13;
October 31, 1944.&#13;
&#13;
United States Department of Justice,&#13;
Washington, D.C.&#13;
&#13;
Attention Mr. Tom Clark, &#13;
Assistant Attorney General, [Posted right side of letter]&#13;
&#13;
Gentlemen:&#13;
&#13;
On the 26th instant we mailed you about four pages containing considerable evidence of discrimination against Americans of Mexican origin and Mexicans generally.  To-day we take pleasure in sending you pages 5, 6, and 7 to complete our report.&#13;
&#13;
The affidavits and letters supporting these statements are in our files open to your inspection.&#13;
&#13;
We sincerely hope that your Department will be in a position to take some action in this matter.  If not, we will appreciate it very much if you will bring this evidence to the attention of His Excellency Franklin Delano Roosevelt, and also to the attention of the War Department.  We believe that if your Department and the War Department would contact all these proprietors by mail or in person, you would [get] good results.  We believe their answers to your plea would be [faborable].  Of course, should they say that they will not cooperate with our Federal Government to the extent of ceasing to discriminate against Mexicans and American soldiers of [Mexic_an] descent, then our Federal Government would do well to enact a law immediately.  In this manner an end would be put to this shameful situation.&#13;
&#13;
Thanking you in advance for a prompt reply, we remain&#13;
&#13;
Yours very truly,&#13;
COMMITTEE OF ONE HUNDRED.&#13;
THE LEAGUE OF LOYAL AMERICANS.&#13;
By &#13;
(Alonso S. Perales)&#13;
President. [Signatory - posted to right side of letter]&#13;
&#13;
Enclosures:&#13;
1</text>
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        <name>Cartas</name>
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        <name>Clark, Tom</name>
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      <tag tagId="182">
        <name>Committee of One Hundred</name>
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        <name>Declaración jurada</name>
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      <tag tagId="138">
        <name>Discriminación contra mexicoamericanos</name>
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        <name>Estados Unidos, Departmento de Justico</name>
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        <name>League of Loyal Americans</name>
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        <name>Perales, Alonso S.</name>
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