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                  <text>Newspaper articles about LULAC</text>
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                  <text>Idar, Eduardo</text>
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                  <text>Ozona Council No.28, LULAC</text>
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                  <text>Hispanic American Newspapers, Recovering the US Hispanic Literary Heritage. </text>
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                  <text>Arte Público Press</text>
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                  <text>Laredo, Texas</text>
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                  <text>Brownsville, Texas</text>
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                <text>Letter Addressed To Chairman Democratic Party Crockett County, Tex.</text>
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                <text>Ozona Council No.28, LULAC</text>
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                <text>1931-09-11</text>
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                <text>LULAC Ozona Council No. 28. "Letter Addressed To Chairman Democratic Party Crockett County, Tex." El Defensor, 11 September 1931, p. 1.</text>
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                <text>Letter sent by the LULAC Ozona Council no. 28 to Houston Smith, Chairman of the Democratic Executive Committee and published in the newspaper, El Defensor. The letter informs Chairman Smith that US citizens of Latin American descent are not being allowed to participate in the Democratic primary, despite their legal right to do so. The LULAC Council requests a meeting to discuss the issue with the Chairman.</text>
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                <text> Carta enviada por el concilio no. 28 LULAC de Ozona a Houston Smith, presidente del Comité ejecutivo demócrata y publicada el el periódico, El defensor. Le informa que los ciudadanos estadounidenses de asendencia latina no son permitidos participar en las elecciones primarias del partido demócrata, a pesar de que la ley lo garantiza. El concilio solicita una reunión con Smith para discutir este asunto.</text>
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            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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                <text>Hispanic American periodicals</text>
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                <text> Discrimination against African Americans, [Mexican Americans, etc.]</text>
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                <text> Primaries</text>
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                <text> Voting rights</text>
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                <text> Voter suppression</text>
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                <text>Items in this collection may be under copyright. Please contact apprec@central.uh.edu for more information.</text>
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        <name>Hispanic voting rights</name>
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                  <text>Alonso S. Perales Collection</text>
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                  <text>Perales, Alonso S. </text>
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                  <text>PERALES, Alonso S., 1898-1960</text>
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                  <text>LEAGUE of United Latin American Citizens</text>
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                  <text>CIVIC participation: working for civil rights</text>
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                  <text>Alonso S. Perales Papers, University of Houston Libraries Special Collections </text>
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                  <text>EBSCO Arte Público Hispanic Historical Collection: Series 2 </text>
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                  <text>Alonso S. Perales (1898-1960) was a lawyer, statesman, diplomat, author, writer, speaker. His collection is held at the University of Houston's Special Collections. A sampling of his photographs, letters, and documents are included here.</text>
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                  <text>Perales, Alonso S.  </text>
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                <text>Letter from Allan Shivers to Alonso S. Perales October 8, 1954.</text>
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                <text>APPOINTMENT, call, and election</text>
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                <text>SHIVERS Allan, 1907-1985</text>
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                <text>LETTERS</text>
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                <text>PERALES, Alonso S., 1898-1960</text>
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            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>Letter from Allan Shivers to Alonso S. Perales thanking him for his recommendation of Fidencio M. Guerra as Judge for Hidalgo County.</text>
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                <text>Alonso S. Perales Papers: General Correspondence, c. 1920-1960. University of Houston Libraries, Special Collections</text>
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                <text>EBSCO Arte Publico Hispanic Historical Collection: Series 2</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
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                <text>1954-10-08</text>
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            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
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                <text>AUSTIN (Tex.)</text>
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                <text>HIDALGO County (Tex.)</text>
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            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="70825">
                <text>Items in this collection may be under copyright. Please contact apprec@central.uh.edu for more information.</text>
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                <text>[HEADER] The State of Texas [Round Emblem with Star]&#13;
EXECUTIVE DEPARTMENT&#13;
AUSTIN, TEXAS&#13;
October 8, 1954&#13;
&#13;
ALLAN SHIVERS&#13;
GOVERNOR&#13;
&#13;
Mr. Alonso S. Perales&#13;
Suite 308 International Building&#13;
San Antonio 7, Texas&#13;
&#13;
Dear Mr. Perales:&#13;
&#13;
This will acknowledge with much appreciation your telegram and letter of September 13th in which you urged the appointment of Mr. Fidencio M. Guerra as Judge of the new District Court in Hidalgo County. I especially appreciate your sending me translations of the two circulars which were bradcast during the run-off campaign. &#13;
&#13;
I was indeed pleased to appoint Mr. Guerra, and I am confident he will serve with distrinction both his district and his State. In view of all you told me, of course, I can clearly understand your attitude. I believe the appointment has made many people happy.&#13;
&#13;
With thanks again for your letter and with warmest regards and best wishes, I am&#13;
&#13;
Sincerely yours,&#13;
&#13;
Allan Shivers [Handwritten - signature]&#13;
Allan Shivers [Typed - signature]&#13;
&#13;
as:gwl</text>
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        <name>Cita, Convocatoria y Elección</name>
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        <name>Perales, Alonso S.</name>
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                <text>LAY COUNCIL FOR THE SPANISH SPEAKING&#13;
Archdiocese of San Antonio&#13;
Room 218, Bedell Bldg.&#13;
San Antonio, 5, Texas&#13;
&#13;
Mr. Henry B. Gonzalez, Pres. &#13;
Miss Mary Estelle Daunoy, Secy.&#13;
Dr. John l. McMahon, VIce-Pres. Mr. Luis E. Gamez, Treas.&#13;
&#13;
February 28, 1947  &#13;
&#13;
To whom it may concern:&#13;
&#13;
In view of the facts presented in the accompanying affidavit, we the members of the Lay Council for the Spanish Speaking of the Archdiocese of San Antonio, hereby vigorously protest the act of discrimination of the manager of the P.K. Cafe at 165 W. San Antonio Street in New Braunfels. We declare that this action is not only un-American but it is un-Christian. We heartily agree that a business firm may refuse service to people on the grounds that they are unclean or disorderly but when American citizens of whatever descent who are neat and clean and conduct themselves in a manner that is above reproach are refused service because their parents or grant-parents were born in another country, we feel that it is high time to cry out against it.&#13;
&#13;
The persons involved in this case happen to be outstanding representative of the group of people known as Latin Americans. One of them, for example, is a senior student at Our Lady of the Lake College. Another, possessed two Master's Degrees, one granted by the University of Texas and the other by St. Mary's University of San Antonio. The third is president of a women's church group in San Antonio. The brother of Miss Castillo died in the service of his country. He was a member for the Army Air Forces during the last war. Mrs. Gomez's son is still in the U.S. Navy, having served in combat during the war. The brother and seventeen close relatives of Miss Elizondo served int he armed forces of this country during World War II. All three women have records of unquestioned calibre [caliber] of patriotism to the country to the country of their birth in the United States of America. They were deeply hurt by this discrimination and we feel that they deserve at least an apology.&#13;
&#13;
The action of this person discriminating against these three women is contrary to the principles on which our country was founded. Such acts of discrimination cause all good Americans to hang their heads in shame. As loyal Americans we feel it our bounden duty to see that discrimination such as this is given all possible attention to the end that this disgraceful blight on our way of life be eliminated once and for all.&#13;
&#13;
(Signed)&#13;
&#13;
Mr. Henry B. Gonzalez, Executive Secretary&#13;
Junior Deputy Organization&#13;
&#13;
Dr. John. L. McMahon, President&#13;
Our Lady of the Lake College&#13;
&#13;
Miss Frances Smith, Dean of Girls&#13;
Thomas Jefferson High School&#13;
&#13;
Mr. Andrew Rivera, Vice President&#13;
National Bank of Commerce&#13;
&#13;
Reverend Paul J. Ehlinger, Director&#13;
Catholic Welfare Bureau&#13;
&#13;
Mr. Alonso S. Perales, Attorney&#13;
&#13;
Miss Alice Des Marais, Director&#13;
Social Service Department , Santa Rosa Hospital&#13;
&#13;
Miss Mary Piña, School Teacher&#13;
Bowie School&#13;
&#13;
Mrs. Terrell Bartlett, President&#13;
Archdiocesan Council of Catholic Women&#13;
&#13;
Miss Christine Carvajal, School teacher&#13;
Ruiz School&#13;
&#13;
Reverend John M. Hayes, Professor of Religion&#13;
Incarnate Word College&#13;
&#13;
Mr. Juan L. Hidalgo, Men's Field Worker&#13;
Bishops' Committee for the Spanish Speaking&#13;
&#13;
Mr. Richard S. O'Connor, Director&#13;
Graduate School of Social Science&#13;
Our Lady of the Lake College&#13;
&#13;
cc: The Texas Good Neighbor Commission, Austin, Texas&#13;
&#13;
cc: Dr. George I. Sanchez, University of Texas Austin, Texas&#13;
&#13;
cc: Dr. Carlos E. Castañeda, University of Texas, Austin, Texas&#13;
&#13;
cc: New Braunfels Herald&#13;
&#13;
cc: Alamo Register&#13;
&#13;
cc: La Prensa&#13;
&#13;
cc: La Voz&#13;
&#13;
cc: Southern Messenger&#13;
&#13;
cc: San Antonio Ministerial Alliance&#13;
&#13;
cc: San Antonio Chamber of Commerce &#13;
&#13;
cc: Mexican Chamber of Commerce&#13;
&#13;
cc: New Braunfels Business and Professional Women's Club&#13;
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                  <text>Franklin, Ron</text>
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                <text> Carta de Ron Franklin, presidente de la Junta del Distrito Escolar Independiente de Houston (Houston Independent School District, HISD), expresando agradecimiento a M. Esther Campos por su servicio al jubilarse.</text>
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                <text> Letters of appreciation</text>
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                <text>Houston, Texas </text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="70667">
                <text>Esther Campos Collection</text>
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            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="73220">
                <text>Items in this collection may be under copyright. Please contact apprec@central.uh.edu for more information.</text>
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        <name>HISD Board</name>
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        <name>notas de agradecimiento</name>
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        <name>thank-you notes</name>
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                  <text>Esta colección documenta la vida, carrera y contribuciones comunitarias de María Esther Campos (1930–2025), educadora de Houston, instructora bilingüe, consejera, subdirectora y parte de larga trayectoria de la Junta de Educación del Houston Independent School District (HISD), Distrito VIII. Los materiales incluyen fotografías, cartas, folletos de campaña, recortes de prensa, proclamaciones, premios, certificados, propuesta de tesis y otros documentos efímeros que destacan sus logros profesionales, activismo político y reconocimiento como líder cívica. La colección refleja su defensa de la equidad educativa, la representación hispana en el servicio público y su liderazgo en organizaciones locales, estatales y comunitarias.</text>
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                  <text>Houston Chronicle</text>
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                  <text>La Voz</text>
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                <elementText elementTextId="69907">
                  <text>University of Houston</text>
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                  <text>League of United Latin American Citizens (LULAC)</text>
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              <name>Publisher</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
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                  <text>Houston Chronicle</text>
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                <elementText elementTextId="69910">
                  <text>La Voz</text>
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                <elementText elementTextId="69911">
                  <text>University of Houston</text>
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                  <text>Forest Park Lawndale Funeral Home</text>
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              <name>Date</name>
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                  <text>1963-2055</text>
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              <name>Contributor</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
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                  <text>Gallegos, Olga</text>
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                <elementText elementTextId="69915">
                  <text>Campos Benz, Olga</text>
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                <elementText elementTextId="69916">
                  <text>Franklin, Ron</text>
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                  <text>Fraga, Felix</text>
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                <elementText elementTextId="69918">
                  <text>Ramirez, Teresa V.</text>
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            <element elementId="47">
              <name>Rights</name>
              <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="69919">
                  <text>Items in this collection may be under copyright. Please contact apprec@central.uh.edu for more information.</text>
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              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
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              <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
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                <elementText elementTextId="69920">
                  <text>JPEG</text>
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              <name>Language</name>
              <description>A language of the resource</description>
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              <name>Type</name>
              <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
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                  <text>Text</text>
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                <elementText elementTextId="69924">
                  <text>Still image</text>
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                  <text>Object</text>
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              <name>Identifier</name>
              <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
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              <name>Coverage</name>
              <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
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              <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
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            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>Letter from Teresa V. Ramirez, Harris County Juvenile Probation Department to Esther Campos, congratulating her on her election to the Board of Education of the Houston Independent School District (HISD).</text>
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                <text> Carta de Teresa V. Ramirez, Departamento de Libertad Condicional Juvenil del Condado de Harris a Esther Campos, felicitándola por su elección a la Junta de Educación del Distrito Escolar Independiente de Houston (Houston Independent School District, HISD).</text>
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            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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                <text> School elections</text>
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                <text> School boards</text>
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                <text> School board members</text>
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                <text> Civic leaders--Texas</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="70037">
                <text> Women in politics--Texas</text>
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                <text> Public schools--Texas</text>
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                <text> Educación--Texas</text>
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                <text> Elecciones escolares</text>
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                <text> Juntas escolares</text>
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                <text> Integrantes de juntas escolares</text>
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                <text> Líderes cívicos--Texas</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="70045">
                <text> Mujeres en política--Texas</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="70046">
                <text> Escuelas públicas--Texas</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
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                <text>Harris County</text>
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            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
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                <text>Letter from the Sociedad mutualista obrera mexicana to Angelina Morales</text>
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                <text>Letter from Sociedad mutualista obrera mexicana to Angelina Morales about becoming the president for the Círculo femenino.</text>
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