110
10
1713
-
http://usldhrecovery.uh.edu/files/original/33/4881/pera0466_page-0001.jpg
2a96eee1248f3888e33e4322bd17c9ef
http://usldhrecovery.uh.edu/files/original/33/4881/pera0466_page-0002.jpg
70cc7544d30351baffa1f0ba8f33d9d1
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Documenting Discrimination: Alonso S. Perales Correspondence (1927-1952)
Subject
The topic of the resource
Letters
Perales, Alonso S., 1898-1960
Discrimination against Mexican Americans
Discrimination in employment
Race discrimination--public establishments
Race discrimination--restaurants;
Segregation in education
Discrimination in housing
Race discrimination in medical care
Veteran
Police brutality
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Alonso S. Perales Collection: General Correspondence, c. 1920-1960. University of Houston Libraries Special Collections.
EBSCO Arte Público Hispanic Historical Collection: Series 2.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1927-1952
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Perales, Alonso S.
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
Content compilation of The Latino/Hispanic American Experience Leaders, Writers and Thinkers copyright 2012 by Arte Público Historical Collections. All rights reserved.
Relation
A related resource
<a href="https://usldhrecovery.uh.edu/collections/show/1">Alonso S. Perales Collection</a>
Arte Público Hispanic Historical Collection: Series 2
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
JPG
Language
A language of the resource
Spanish
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
pera0000
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
Texas
Description
An account of the resource
Alonso S. Perales, one of the greatest Latino civil rights leaders ever, was one of the first Latino public intellectuals to master the use of the media in pioneering efforts to track and report on discrimination. Over the course of forty years of activism, during the 1920s to 1960, Perales wrote a weekly column in San Antonio’s La Prensa newspaper, the periodical with the greatest and most extensive circulation; had a radio program; published books; and maintained an unheard of level of correspondence, writing daily as many as ten letters to the authorities, civil rights activists and just everyday folk. One campaign he maintained over many years was his use of the periodicals and radio program to invite victims and witnesses of discrimination to document the cases in letter form and send them to him at his San Antonio law office. He would abstract these testimonies in his newspaper columns and radio programs and use them as evidence to demand corrective action and policy changes from government at every level. In the Alonso S. Perales archive hundreds of these letters have been preserved; many of them were written by hand by working-class people who were most likely to suffer the indignities and denial of services because they were Mexicans or Latinos. Because La Prensa and Perales’ network was so broad, the letters came not only from throughout Texas and the Southwest but from as far north as North Dakota and east as the Carolinas. The record is diverse in documenting everything from barbers refusing to cut hair to schools that would not allow Mexican families to register their children. The Perales collection of correspondence is one of the very few documentary sources that precisely date, locate and describe the instances of segregation, violence and racism experienced by Latinos over a long period of time: names are named, addresses noted and alleged crimes publicized; in most cases, however, these acts were committed with impunity, but the informal history and conscience of la raza was recording them. And now, the researchers of posterity can study and reference them in writing a truer history of the United States, and communities can become aware of these acts in developing laws and policy.
Alonso S. Perales, uno de los líderes latinos más importantes de derechos civiles, fue uno de los primeros intelectuales públicos en dominar el uso de los medios de comunicación y pionero en dedicar esfuerzos a rastrear y denunciar instancias de discriminación. A lo largo de cuarenta años de activismo, durante las décadas de 1920 hasta 1960, Perales escribió columnas semanales en el periódico La Prensa de San Antonio, el diario con la mayor y más extensa circulación de ese período; además tuvo un programa de radio; publicó libros; y mantuvo una extensa correspondencia, escribiendo hasta diez cartas diarias dirigidas a autoridades, activistas de derechos civiles y gente en general. Perales impulsó una campaña, que mantuvo durante muchos años, donde a través de publicaciones en periódicos y su programa de radio invitaba a las víctimas y testigos de actos de discriminación a documentar estos casos en forma de cartas y a enviárselas a su despacho de abogados de San Antonio, Texas. Perales resumía estos testimonios en sus columnas periodísticas y programas de radio y los utilizaba como prueba para exigir medidas correctivas y cambios de política al gobierno a todo nivel. En el archivo de Alonso S. Perales se conservan cientos de estas cartas; muchas de ellas escritas a mano provenientes en su mayoría de la clase trabajadora que tenía más probabilidades de sufrir humillaciones y negación de servicios por ser mexicanos o latinos.
Como la red de La Prensa y de Perales eran tan amplias, las cartas vinieron no solo desde Texas y del suroeste sino también desde lugares tan al norte como Dakota del Norte y del este como Carolina del Sur y Carolina del Norte. El material es variado y documenta desde barberos que se negaban a cortar el pelo hasta escuelas que no permitían a las familias mexicanas matricular a sus hijos. La colección de correspondencia de Perales es una de las escasas fuentes documentales que datan, localizan y describen con precisión los casos de segregación, violencia y racismo sufridos por los latinos durante un largo periodo de tiempo: se citan nombres, se anotan direcciones y se publicitan presuntos delitos; en la mayoría de los casos, sin embargo, estos actos se cometían con impunidad, pero la historia informal y la conciencia de la raza los registraban. Y ahora, los investigadores de la posteridad pueden estudiarlos y hacer referencia a ellos al escribir una historia más verdadera de Estados Unidos, y las comunidades pueden tomar conciencia de estos actos al momento de elaborar leyes y políticas.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
pera0466
Title
A name given to the resource
To Perales, From Manuel Ramírez Perez, February 13, 1944
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1944-02-13
Subject
The topic of the resource
Letters
Perales, Alonso S., 1898-1960
Discrimination against Mexican Americans
Race discrimination--public establishments
Race discrimination--restaurants
Description
An account of the resource
Letter from Manuel Ramírez Pérez to Alonso S. Perales summarizing the instances in which he has been denied service for being Mexican.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Ramírez Pérez, Manuel
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Alonso S. Perales Collection: General Correspondence, c. 1920-1960.
Relation
A related resource
Arte Público Hispanic Historical Collection: Series 2
"To [Unknown], From M. Ramírez Pérez, Febrero 13 de 1944.", Alonso S. Perales Collection:
General Correspondence, c. 1920-1960. September 26, 1930. 16—16.
http://ezproxy.lib.uh.edu/login?url=https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=h6b&
AN=76344124&site=ehost-live&ppid=divp16&lpid=divl11
Language
A language of the resource
Spanish
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
Sinton (Tex.)
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
JPG
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
Items in this collection may be under copyright. Please contact apprec@central.uh.edu for more information.
Cartas
Discriminación contra los mexicoamericanos
Discriminación racial--establecimientos públicos
Discriminación racial--restaurantes
Perales, Alonso S., 1898-1960
-
http://usldhrecovery.uh.edu/files/original/33/4912/pera0498_page-0001.jpg
06e0db3c0f4d8709cf0cac03a6b749d2
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Documenting Discrimination: Alonso S. Perales Correspondence (1927-1952)
Subject
The topic of the resource
Letters
Perales, Alonso S., 1898-1960
Discrimination against Mexican Americans
Discrimination in employment
Race discrimination--public establishments
Race discrimination--restaurants;
Segregation in education
Discrimination in housing
Race discrimination in medical care
Veteran
Police brutality
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Alonso S. Perales Collection: General Correspondence, c. 1920-1960. University of Houston Libraries Special Collections.
EBSCO Arte Público Hispanic Historical Collection: Series 2.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1927-1952
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Perales, Alonso S.
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
Content compilation of The Latino/Hispanic American Experience Leaders, Writers and Thinkers copyright 2012 by Arte Público Historical Collections. All rights reserved.
Relation
A related resource
<a href="https://usldhrecovery.uh.edu/collections/show/1">Alonso S. Perales Collection</a>
Arte Público Hispanic Historical Collection: Series 2
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
JPG
Language
A language of the resource
Spanish
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
pera0000
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
Texas
Description
An account of the resource
Alonso S. Perales, one of the greatest Latino civil rights leaders ever, was one of the first Latino public intellectuals to master the use of the media in pioneering efforts to track and report on discrimination. Over the course of forty years of activism, during the 1920s to 1960, Perales wrote a weekly column in San Antonio’s La Prensa newspaper, the periodical with the greatest and most extensive circulation; had a radio program; published books; and maintained an unheard of level of correspondence, writing daily as many as ten letters to the authorities, civil rights activists and just everyday folk. One campaign he maintained over many years was his use of the periodicals and radio program to invite victims and witnesses of discrimination to document the cases in letter form and send them to him at his San Antonio law office. He would abstract these testimonies in his newspaper columns and radio programs and use them as evidence to demand corrective action and policy changes from government at every level. In the Alonso S. Perales archive hundreds of these letters have been preserved; many of them were written by hand by working-class people who were most likely to suffer the indignities and denial of services because they were Mexicans or Latinos. Because La Prensa and Perales’ network was so broad, the letters came not only from throughout Texas and the Southwest but from as far north as North Dakota and east as the Carolinas. The record is diverse in documenting everything from barbers refusing to cut hair to schools that would not allow Mexican families to register their children. The Perales collection of correspondence is one of the very few documentary sources that precisely date, locate and describe the instances of segregation, violence and racism experienced by Latinos over a long period of time: names are named, addresses noted and alleged crimes publicized; in most cases, however, these acts were committed with impunity, but the informal history and conscience of la raza was recording them. And now, the researchers of posterity can study and reference them in writing a truer history of the United States, and communities can become aware of these acts in developing laws and policy.
Alonso S. Perales, uno de los líderes latinos más importantes de derechos civiles, fue uno de los primeros intelectuales públicos en dominar el uso de los medios de comunicación y pionero en dedicar esfuerzos a rastrear y denunciar instancias de discriminación. A lo largo de cuarenta años de activismo, durante las décadas de 1920 hasta 1960, Perales escribió columnas semanales en el periódico La Prensa de San Antonio, el diario con la mayor y más extensa circulación de ese período; además tuvo un programa de radio; publicó libros; y mantuvo una extensa correspondencia, escribiendo hasta diez cartas diarias dirigidas a autoridades, activistas de derechos civiles y gente en general. Perales impulsó una campaña, que mantuvo durante muchos años, donde a través de publicaciones en periódicos y su programa de radio invitaba a las víctimas y testigos de actos de discriminación a documentar estos casos en forma de cartas y a enviárselas a su despacho de abogados de San Antonio, Texas. Perales resumía estos testimonios en sus columnas periodísticas y programas de radio y los utilizaba como prueba para exigir medidas correctivas y cambios de política al gobierno a todo nivel. En el archivo de Alonso S. Perales se conservan cientos de estas cartas; muchas de ellas escritas a mano provenientes en su mayoría de la clase trabajadora que tenía más probabilidades de sufrir humillaciones y negación de servicios por ser mexicanos o latinos.
Como la red de La Prensa y de Perales eran tan amplias, las cartas vinieron no solo desde Texas y del suroeste sino también desde lugares tan al norte como Dakota del Norte y del este como Carolina del Sur y Carolina del Norte. El material es variado y documenta desde barberos que se negaban a cortar el pelo hasta escuelas que no permitían a las familias mexicanas matricular a sus hijos. La colección de correspondencia de Perales es una de las escasas fuentes documentales que datan, localizan y describen con precisión los casos de segregación, violencia y racismo sufridos por los latinos durante un largo periodo de tiempo: se citan nombres, se anotan direcciones y se publicitan presuntos delitos; en la mayoría de los casos, sin embargo, estos actos se cometían con impunidad, pero la historia informal y la conciencia de la raza los registraban. Y ahora, los investigadores de la posteridad pueden estudiarlos y hacer referencia a ellos al escribir una historia más verdadera de Estados Unidos, y las comunidades pueden tomar conciencia de estos actos al momento de elaborar leyes y políticas.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
pera0498
Title
A name given to the resource
To [Alonso S. Perales], From [Manuel] Ramírez Pérez, February 13, 1944.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1944-02-13
Subject
The topic of the resource
Letters
Perales, Alonso S., 1898-1960
Discrimination against Mexican Americans
Race discrimination--public establishments
Race discrimination--restaurants
Description
An account of the resource
Attachment belonging to a letter from Manuel Ramírez Pérez to [Alonso S. Perales] listing the various counties and cities in Texas in which public establishments discriminate against people of Mexican descent. Additionally, Pérez names Dodson Cafe and Steak House Cafe as two of the restaurants in Sinton, Texas that refuse service to individuals of Mexican descent.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Ramírez Pérez, Manuel
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Alonso S. Perales Collection: General Correspondence, c. 1920-1960.
Relation
A related resource
Arte Público Hispanic Historical Collection: Series 2
Language
A language of the resource
Spanish
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
Sinton (Tex.)
Bay City (Tex.)
Wharton (Tex.)
Edna (Tex.)
Richmond (Tex.)
Rosenberg (Tex.)
Snyder (Tex.)
Colorado City (Tex.)
Midland (Tex.)
Pecos (Tex.)
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
JPG
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
Items in this collection may be under copyright. Please contact apprec@central.uh.edu for more information.
Cartas
Discriminación contra los mexicoamericanos
Discriminación racial--establecimientos públicos
Discriminación racial--restaurantes
Perales, Alonso S., 1898-1960
-
http://usldhrecovery.uh.edu/files/original/39/5607/morf002_19_001.jpg
3748cfe84913f05d2a9e496139e6df12
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
morf002_019_001
Title
A name given to the resource
Letter from the Sociedad mutualista obrera mexicana to Angelina Morales
Description
An account of the resource
Letter from Sociedad mutualista obrera mexicana to Angelina Morales about becoming the president for the Círculo femenino.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Ramirez, Daniel G.
Rodriguez, Enrique
Silva, David G.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1937-06-22
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
TIFF
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Morales Family Collection
Language
A language of the resource
Spanish
Subject
The topic of the resource
Correspondence
Mutual aid societies, Mexican American
League of United Latin American Citizens
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
Items in this collection may be under copyright. Please contact apprec@central.uh.edu for more information.
Mexican Americans
societies and clubs
-
http://usldhrecovery.uh.edu/files/original/15/1828/pera0250_001.jpeg
e15170b8d9f8bf1a0d616edc2798bd27
http://usldhrecovery.uh.edu/files/original/15/1828/pera0250_002.jpeg
290bebdbe4d28d1abddd57f734fd8a6b
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Envelopes--Alonso S. Perales
Subject
The topic of the resource
ENVELOPES (Stationery)
Description
An account of the resource
This collection contains a sampling of empty envelopes included in the Alonso S. Perales Collection. These envelopes attest to Perales' communication network, which spans across the United States and abroad.
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Alonso S. Perales Collection: Correspondence--Envelopes
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
Copyright Arte Público Press
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
JPEG
Language
A language of the resource
English
Spanish
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
UNITED States
NICARAGUA
MEXICO
PERU
SAN Antonio (Tex.)
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1924-1960
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Perales, Alonso S.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Envelope addressed to Sr. [Mr.] Alonso S. Perales, postmarked May 1930
Subject
The topic of the resource
ENVELOPES (Stationery)
Description
An account of the resource
Envelope addressed to Sr. [Mr.] Alonso S. Perales from Leo G. Ramirez in Sugarland, TX, postmarked May 1930. This envelope cannot be definitively matched to any of the letters in the Alonso S. Perales Collection.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Ramirez, Leo G.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1930-05-??
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
JPEG
Language
A language of the resource
English
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
pera0250
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
SUGARLAND (Tex.)
WASHINGTON (D.C.)
Relation
A related resource
EBSCO Arte Público Hispanic Historical Collection: Series 2
Alonso S. Perales Papers: General Correspondence. University of Houston Libraries, Special Collections
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Alonso S. Perales Collection
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
Items in this collection may be under copyright. Please contact apprec@central.uh.edu for more information.
-
http://usldhrecovery.uh.edu/files/original/15/1731/pera0153_001.jpg
e754da7abbf6226d50a6924e7deef51c
http://usldhrecovery.uh.edu/files/original/15/1731/pera0153_002.jpg
93ac43dc719bf4677b8ef5348bdaf3e3
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Envelopes--Alonso S. Perales
Subject
The topic of the resource
ENVELOPES (Stationery)
Description
An account of the resource
This collection contains a sampling of empty envelopes included in the Alonso S. Perales Collection. These envelopes attest to Perales' communication network, which spans across the United States and abroad.
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Alonso S. Perales Collection: Correspondence--Envelopes
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
Copyright Arte Público Press
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
JPEG
Language
A language of the resource
English
Spanish
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
UNITED States
NICARAGUA
MEXICO
PERU
SAN Antonio (Tex.)
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1924-1960
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Perales, Alonso S.
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Envelope addressed to H [Honorable] Alonso S. Perales,Att [Attorney] at Law, postmarked 2 October 1939
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Ramirez, Oswaldo V.
Description
An account of the resource
Envelope addressed to H [Honorable] [Alonso] S. Perales from Oswaldo V. Ramirez in Mission, Texas, postmarked 2 October 1939. Damaged envelope (tear on recto). This envelope cannot be definitively matched to any of the letters in the Alonso S. Perales Collection.
Subject
The topic of the resource
ENVELOPES (Stationery)
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1939-10-02
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
JPEG
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
pera0153
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Alonso S. Perales Collection: Correspondence--Envelopes
Alonso S. Perales Collection
Language
A language of the resource
English
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
MISSION (Tex.)
Relation
A related resource
EBSCO Arte Público Hispanic Historical Collection: Series 2
Alonso S. Perales Papers: General Correspondence. University of Houston Libraries, Special Collections
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
Items in this collection may be under copyright. Please contact apprec@central.uh.edu for more information.
Sobres (de carta)
-
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244ac15df9ae664f2fd705c3dcebc932
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5d75fa8bd91485f4865273952bdf0fc0
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c6b69d283faf22150f8c169eff22a239
http://usldhrecovery.uh.edu/files/original/33/4882/pera0467_page-0008.jpg
faa3c1fb0b6e52ce2c01f91e1fcecdd7
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Documenting Discrimination: Alonso S. Perales Correspondence (1927-1952)
Subject
The topic of the resource
Letters
Perales, Alonso S., 1898-1960
Discrimination against Mexican Americans
Discrimination in employment
Race discrimination--public establishments
Race discrimination--restaurants;
Segregation in education
Discrimination in housing
Race discrimination in medical care
Veteran
Police brutality
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Alonso S. Perales Collection: General Correspondence, c. 1920-1960. University of Houston Libraries Special Collections.
EBSCO Arte Público Hispanic Historical Collection: Series 2.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1927-1952
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Perales, Alonso S.
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
Content compilation of The Latino/Hispanic American Experience Leaders, Writers and Thinkers copyright 2012 by Arte Público Historical Collections. All rights reserved.
Relation
A related resource
<a href="https://usldhrecovery.uh.edu/collections/show/1">Alonso S. Perales Collection</a>
Arte Público Hispanic Historical Collection: Series 2
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
JPG
Language
A language of the resource
Spanish
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
pera0000
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
Texas
Description
An account of the resource
Alonso S. Perales, one of the greatest Latino civil rights leaders ever, was one of the first Latino public intellectuals to master the use of the media in pioneering efforts to track and report on discrimination. Over the course of forty years of activism, during the 1920s to 1960, Perales wrote a weekly column in San Antonio’s La Prensa newspaper, the periodical with the greatest and most extensive circulation; had a radio program; published books; and maintained an unheard of level of correspondence, writing daily as many as ten letters to the authorities, civil rights activists and just everyday folk. One campaign he maintained over many years was his use of the periodicals and radio program to invite victims and witnesses of discrimination to document the cases in letter form and send them to him at his San Antonio law office. He would abstract these testimonies in his newspaper columns and radio programs and use them as evidence to demand corrective action and policy changes from government at every level. In the Alonso S. Perales archive hundreds of these letters have been preserved; many of them were written by hand by working-class people who were most likely to suffer the indignities and denial of services because they were Mexicans or Latinos. Because La Prensa and Perales’ network was so broad, the letters came not only from throughout Texas and the Southwest but from as far north as North Dakota and east as the Carolinas. The record is diverse in documenting everything from barbers refusing to cut hair to schools that would not allow Mexican families to register their children. The Perales collection of correspondence is one of the very few documentary sources that precisely date, locate and describe the instances of segregation, violence and racism experienced by Latinos over a long period of time: names are named, addresses noted and alleged crimes publicized; in most cases, however, these acts were committed with impunity, but the informal history and conscience of la raza was recording them. And now, the researchers of posterity can study and reference them in writing a truer history of the United States, and communities can become aware of these acts in developing laws and policy.
Alonso S. Perales, uno de los líderes latinos más importantes de derechos civiles, fue uno de los primeros intelectuales públicos en dominar el uso de los medios de comunicación y pionero en dedicar esfuerzos a rastrear y denunciar instancias de discriminación. A lo largo de cuarenta años de activismo, durante las décadas de 1920 hasta 1960, Perales escribió columnas semanales en el periódico La Prensa de San Antonio, el diario con la mayor y más extensa circulación de ese período; además tuvo un programa de radio; publicó libros; y mantuvo una extensa correspondencia, escribiendo hasta diez cartas diarias dirigidas a autoridades, activistas de derechos civiles y gente en general. Perales impulsó una campaña, que mantuvo durante muchos años, donde a través de publicaciones en periódicos y su programa de radio invitaba a las víctimas y testigos de actos de discriminación a documentar estos casos en forma de cartas y a enviárselas a su despacho de abogados de San Antonio, Texas. Perales resumía estos testimonios en sus columnas periodísticas y programas de radio y los utilizaba como prueba para exigir medidas correctivas y cambios de política al gobierno a todo nivel. En el archivo de Alonso S. Perales se conservan cientos de estas cartas; muchas de ellas escritas a mano provenientes en su mayoría de la clase trabajadora que tenía más probabilidades de sufrir humillaciones y negación de servicios por ser mexicanos o latinos.
Como la red de La Prensa y de Perales eran tan amplias, las cartas vinieron no solo desde Texas y del suroeste sino también desde lugares tan al norte como Dakota del Norte y del este como Carolina del Sur y Carolina del Norte. El material es variado y documenta desde barberos que se negaban a cortar el pelo hasta escuelas que no permitían a las familias mexicanas matricular a sus hijos. La colección de correspondencia de Perales es una de las escasas fuentes documentales que datan, localizan y describen con precisión los casos de segregación, violencia y racismo sufridos por los latinos durante un largo periodo de tiempo: se citan nombres, se anotan direcciones y se publicitan presuntos delitos; en la mayoría de los casos, sin embargo, estos actos se cometían con impunidad, pero la historia informal y la conciencia de la raza los registraban. Y ahora, los investigadores de la posteridad pueden estudiarlos y hacer referencia a ellos al escribir una historia más verdadera de Estados Unidos, y las comunidades pueden tomar conciencia de estos actos al momento de elaborar leyes y políticas.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
pera0467
Title
A name given to the resource
To Alonso S Perales, From Ramiro Ramirez, April 9, 1945
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1945-04-09
Subject
The topic of the resource
Letters
Perales, Alonso S., 1898-1960
Discrimination against Mexican Americans
Race discrimination
Discrimination in employment
Description
An account of the resource
Letter from Ramiro Ramirez to Alonso S. Perales regarding the lower wages workers of Mexican descent receive at the Humble Oil and Refining Company (Exxon) in contrast to their Anglo-American co-workers.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Ramirez, Ramiro
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Alonso S. Perales Collection: General Correspondence, c. 1920-1960.
Relation
A related resource
Arte Público Hispanic Historical Collection: Series 2
Language
A language of the resource
Spanish
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
Humble (Text.)
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
JPG
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
Items in this collection may be under copyright. Please contact apprec@central.uh.edu for more information.
Cartas
Discriminación contra los mexicoamericanos
Discriminación en el empleo
Discriminación racial
Perales, Alonso S., 1898-1960
-
http://usldhrecovery.uh.edu/files/original/42/5714/ESCA0029.jpg
504fc47302fd0446593f7a4ce9b90531
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Esther Campos Collection
Subject
The topic of the resource
Education--Texas
School boards
School board members
Women in politics--Texas
Latinas--Political activity
Civic leaders
Public schools--Texas
Awards
Community development
Local governments
School elections
Educación--Texas
Juntas escolares
Mujeres en la polític--Texas
Latinas--Actividad política
Líderes cívicos
Escuelas públicas--Texas
Premios
Desarrollo comunitario
Description
An account of the resource
This collection documents the life, career and community contributions of María Esther Campos (1930–2025), a Houston educator, bilingual instructor, counselor, assistant principal and longtime trustee of the Houston Independent School District (HISD) Board, District VIII. Materials include photographs, letters, campaign flyers, news clippings, proclamations, awards, certificates, dissertation proposal, funeral programs and other items highlighting her professional achievements, political activism and recognition as a civic leader. The collection captures her advocacy for educational equity, Hispanic representation in public service and leadership in local, state and community organizations.
Esta colección documenta la vida, carrera y contribuciones comunitarias de María Esther Campos (1930–2025), educadora de Houston, instructora bilingüe, consejera, subdirectora y parte de larga trayectoria de la Junta de Educación del Houston Independent School District (HISD), Distrito VIII. Los materiales incluyen fotografías, cartas, folletos de campaña, recortes de prensa, proclamaciones, premios, certificados, propuesta de tesis y otros documentos efímeros que destacan sus logros profesionales, activismo político y reconocimiento como líder cívica. La colección refleja su defensa de la equidad educativa, la representación hispana en el servicio público y su liderazgo en organizaciones locales, estatales y comunitarias.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Campos, Esther (1963-2005)
Houston Chronicle
La Voz
University of Houston
League of United Latin American Citizens (LULAC)
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Houston Chronicle
La Voz
University of Houston
Forest Park Lawndale Funeral Home
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1963-2055
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Gallegos, Olga
Campos Benz, Olga
Franklin, Ron
Fraga, Felix
Ramirez, Teresa V.
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
Items in this collection may be under copyright. Please contact apprec@central.uh.edu for more information.
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
JPEG
Language
A language of the resource
English
Spanish
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Still image
Object
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
ESCA0000
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
Houston, Texas
Harris County, Texas
Texas
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Esther Campos Collection
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
ESCA0029
Title
A name given to the resource
Letter from Teresa V. Ramirez to Esther Campos
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Ramirez, Teresa V.
Description
An account of the resource
Letter from Teresa V. Ramirez, Harris County Juvenile Probation Department to Esther Campos, congratulating her on her election to the Board of Education of the Houston Independent School District (HISD).
Carta de Teresa V. Ramirez, Departamento de Libertad Condicional Juvenil del Condado de Harris a Esther Campos, felicitándola por su elección a la Junta de Educación del Distrito Escolar Independiente de Houston (Houston Independent School District, HISD).
Subject
The topic of the resource
Letters
Education--Texas
School elections
School boards
School board members
Civic leaders--Texas
Women in politics--Texas
Public schools--Texas
Cartas
Educación--Texas
Elecciones escolares
Juntas escolares
Integrantes de juntas escolares
Líderes cívicos--Texas
Mujeres en política--Texas
Escuelas públicas--Texas
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1994-06-29
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
JPEG
Language
A language of the resource
English
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
Harris County
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
Items in this collection may be under copyright. Please contact apprec@central.uh.edu for more information.
Cartas
educación
Education
HISD Board
letters
política
politics
-
http://usldhrecovery.uh.edu/files/original/33/4883/pera0468_page-0001.jpg
a3cb6db89881e205bdb2373ba5352abc
http://usldhrecovery.uh.edu/files/original/33/4883/pera0468_page-0002.jpg
af012efa9f8174c84deddd53d4e9d81a
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Documenting Discrimination: Alonso S. Perales Correspondence (1927-1952)
Subject
The topic of the resource
Letters
Perales, Alonso S., 1898-1960
Discrimination against Mexican Americans
Discrimination in employment
Race discrimination--public establishments
Race discrimination--restaurants;
Segregation in education
Discrimination in housing
Race discrimination in medical care
Veteran
Police brutality
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Alonso S. Perales Collection: General Correspondence, c. 1920-1960. University of Houston Libraries Special Collections.
EBSCO Arte Público Hispanic Historical Collection: Series 2.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1927-1952
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Perales, Alonso S.
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
Content compilation of The Latino/Hispanic American Experience Leaders, Writers and Thinkers copyright 2012 by Arte Público Historical Collections. All rights reserved.
Relation
A related resource
<a href="https://usldhrecovery.uh.edu/collections/show/1">Alonso S. Perales Collection</a>
Arte Público Hispanic Historical Collection: Series 2
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
JPG
Language
A language of the resource
Spanish
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
pera0000
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
Texas
Description
An account of the resource
Alonso S. Perales, one of the greatest Latino civil rights leaders ever, was one of the first Latino public intellectuals to master the use of the media in pioneering efforts to track and report on discrimination. Over the course of forty years of activism, during the 1920s to 1960, Perales wrote a weekly column in San Antonio’s La Prensa newspaper, the periodical with the greatest and most extensive circulation; had a radio program; published books; and maintained an unheard of level of correspondence, writing daily as many as ten letters to the authorities, civil rights activists and just everyday folk. One campaign he maintained over many years was his use of the periodicals and radio program to invite victims and witnesses of discrimination to document the cases in letter form and send them to him at his San Antonio law office. He would abstract these testimonies in his newspaper columns and radio programs and use them as evidence to demand corrective action and policy changes from government at every level. In the Alonso S. Perales archive hundreds of these letters have been preserved; many of them were written by hand by working-class people who were most likely to suffer the indignities and denial of services because they were Mexicans or Latinos. Because La Prensa and Perales’ network was so broad, the letters came not only from throughout Texas and the Southwest but from as far north as North Dakota and east as the Carolinas. The record is diverse in documenting everything from barbers refusing to cut hair to schools that would not allow Mexican families to register their children. The Perales collection of correspondence is one of the very few documentary sources that precisely date, locate and describe the instances of segregation, violence and racism experienced by Latinos over a long period of time: names are named, addresses noted and alleged crimes publicized; in most cases, however, these acts were committed with impunity, but the informal history and conscience of la raza was recording them. And now, the researchers of posterity can study and reference them in writing a truer history of the United States, and communities can become aware of these acts in developing laws and policy.
Alonso S. Perales, uno de los líderes latinos más importantes de derechos civiles, fue uno de los primeros intelectuales públicos en dominar el uso de los medios de comunicación y pionero en dedicar esfuerzos a rastrear y denunciar instancias de discriminación. A lo largo de cuarenta años de activismo, durante las décadas de 1920 hasta 1960, Perales escribió columnas semanales en el periódico La Prensa de San Antonio, el diario con la mayor y más extensa circulación de ese período; además tuvo un programa de radio; publicó libros; y mantuvo una extensa correspondencia, escribiendo hasta diez cartas diarias dirigidas a autoridades, activistas de derechos civiles y gente en general. Perales impulsó una campaña, que mantuvo durante muchos años, donde a través de publicaciones en periódicos y su programa de radio invitaba a las víctimas y testigos de actos de discriminación a documentar estos casos en forma de cartas y a enviárselas a su despacho de abogados de San Antonio, Texas. Perales resumía estos testimonios en sus columnas periodísticas y programas de radio y los utilizaba como prueba para exigir medidas correctivas y cambios de política al gobierno a todo nivel. En el archivo de Alonso S. Perales se conservan cientos de estas cartas; muchas de ellas escritas a mano provenientes en su mayoría de la clase trabajadora que tenía más probabilidades de sufrir humillaciones y negación de servicios por ser mexicanos o latinos.
Como la red de La Prensa y de Perales eran tan amplias, las cartas vinieron no solo desde Texas y del suroeste sino también desde lugares tan al norte como Dakota del Norte y del este como Carolina del Sur y Carolina del Norte. El material es variado y documenta desde barberos que se negaban a cortar el pelo hasta escuelas que no permitían a las familias mexicanas matricular a sus hijos. La colección de correspondencia de Perales es una de las escasas fuentes documentales que datan, localizan y describen con precisión los casos de segregación, violencia y racismo sufridos por los latinos durante un largo periodo de tiempo: se citan nombres, se anotan direcciones y se publicitan presuntos delitos; en la mayoría de los casos, sin embargo, estos actos se cometían con impunidad, pero la historia informal y la conciencia de la raza los registraban. Y ahora, los investigadores de la posteridad pueden estudiarlos y hacer referencia a ellos al escribir una historia más verdadera de Estados Unidos, y las comunidades pueden tomar conciencia de estos actos al momento de elaborar leyes y políticas.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
pera0468
Title
A name given to the resource
To Alonso S. Perales, From Jose C. Ramon, March 7, 1944
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1944-03-07
Subject
The topic of the resource
Letters
Perales, Alonso S., 1898-1960
Discrimination against Mexican Americans
Mexican Americans--Segregation
Prison
Description
An account of the resource
Letter from Jose C. Ramon to Alonso S. Perales informing him about the segregation Mexican-Americans face in the Waco City jail.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Ramon, Jose C.
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Alonso S. Perales Collection: General Correspondence, c. 1920-1960.
Relation
A related resource
Arte Público Hispanic Historical Collection: Series 2
Language
A language of the resource
Spanish
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
Waco (Tex.)
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
JPG
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
Items in this collection may be under copyright. Please contact apprec@central.uh.edu for more information.
Cartas
Discriminación contra los mexicoamericanos
Mexicanoamericanos--Segregación
Perales, Alonso S., 1898-1960
Prisión
-
http://usldhrecovery.uh.edu/files/original/1/7/pera0096.jpg
b60c34cb3aa79ab3901183d5fe4f19bf
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Alonso S. Perales Collection
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Alonso S. Perales Papers
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Arte Público Press/Recovering the US Hispanic Literary Heritage
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
Arte Público Press
Language
A language of the resource
Spanish
English
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Perales, Alonso S.
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
JPEG
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Photograph
Subject
The topic of the resource
PERALES, Alonso S., 1898-1960
LEAGUE of United Latin American Citizens
CIVIC participation: working for civil rights
MEXICAN Americans
LATINO Americans
ACTIVISTS
RACE discrimination
Relation
A related resource
Alonso S. Perales Papers, University of Houston Libraries Special Collections
EBSCO Arte Público Hispanic Historical Collection: Series 2
Description
An account of the resource
Alonso S. Perales (1898-1960) was a lawyer, statesman, diplomat, author, writer, speaker. His collection is held at the University of Houston's Special Collections. A sampling of his photographs, letters, and documents are included here.
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Perales, Alonso S.
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Original Format
The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data
paper
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Affidavit sworn by Joseph Robles Ramón and Alfonso Galindo Ramón to Alonso S. Perales
Description
An account of the resource
Affidavit sworn by Joseph Robles Ramón and Alfonso Galindo Ramón to Alonso S. Perales that states that they were refused service at the Helotes Dance Hall and Tavern.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Ramón, Joseph Robles
Ramón, Alfonso Galindo
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1946-11-08
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
JPEG
Language
A language of the resource
English
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Alonso S. Perales Papers. University of Houston Libraries Special Collections
<span>Perales, Alonso S. </span><em>Are We Good Neighbors? </em><span>1948. </span><span>EBSCO Arte Público Hispanic Historical Collection: Series 2</span>
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
pera0096
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Perales, Alonso S.
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
SAN Antonio (Tex.)
Subject
The topic of the resource
AFFIDAVITS
BARS (Drinking Establishments) --Texas
DISCRIMINATION
RACE discrimination - public establishments
DISCRIMINATION
MILITARY
MILITARY Personnel
VETERAN
Relation
A related resource
Gauthereau, Lorena. "Are We Good Neighbors?: Mapping Discrimination Against Mexican Americans in 1940s Texas." <a href="https://arcg.is/1C1bbv" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://arcg.is/1C1bbv</a>.
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
Items in this collection may be under copyright. Please contact apprec@central.uh.edu for more information.
Scripto
Transcription
A written representation of a document.
THE STATE OF TEXAS
COUNTY OF BEXAR
BEFORE ME, the undersigned authority in and for said County, State of Texas, this day personally came and appeared Joseph Robles Ramon and Alfonso Galindo Robles, to me well known, and who, after being by me duly sworn, did depose and say:
Our names are Joseph Robles Ramon and Alfonso Galindo Robles. We live in San Antonio, Bexar County, Texas. We are twenty four years and twenty one years of age respectively.
On Saturday, October 5th, about 8:30 P.M., we stopped at the Helotes Dance Hall and Tavern. I, Joseph Robles Ramon, went into the tavern and Alfonso Galindo Robles remained in our truck outside. I told the bartender to sell me a sandwich and a bottle of beer to take to my mother who lives on a ranch about found miles from said tavern. We were on our way to said ranch. He said that he had orders not to serve Mexicans. I talked with him in a nice manner and tried to make him see that it was wrong to deny us service just because we are of Mexican descent. I, Joseph Robles Ramon, told him that I had served in the United States Marine Corps, had fought overseas and had been badly wounded, and that I had done all of this for the sake of democracy and freedom. I added that I am totally disabled as a result of the wounds inflicted upon me in the fields of battle. He said that did not make any difference, that I still was a mexican [sic] and he could not serve me.
I was so angry because of his refusal to serve me merely on account of my being of Mexican descent that I went outside, got into my truck and ran the truck against the building. I then got off the truck and went into the tavern. The man who had refused to sell me a sandwich jumped upon me as soon as I went into the tavern and we fought each other. Someone there, the bartender I believe, struck me with a blunt instrument in the head and cut my head. He also struck me in the nose. My cousin, Alfonso Galindo Robles, came in and assisted me.
Neither of us had a drink of any kind. We were coming from work and were on our way to the ranch to see our mother and aunt.
Further affiants sayeth not.
[signed] Joseph Robles Ramón
[signed] Alfonso Galindo Robles.
Sworn to and subscribed before me, this the 8th day of October, A.D. 1946.
[signed] Alonso S. Perales
Bars (establecimiento de bebidas) -- Texas
Declaración jurada
Discriminación
Discriminación étnica
Discriminación racial en establecimientos públicos
Militar
Personal Militar
Veterano
-
http://usldhrecovery.uh.edu/files/original/22/5409/El_Barrio_Chihuahuita_1972_[short_piece]_.pdf
0397cc189105ad1e07bf42f836c4d281
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
The Ramona González Papers
Subject
The topic of the resource
POETRY
MEXICAN American women in literature
TRANSLATIONS
CHILDREN'S writings
Description
An account of the resource
This collection holds over seven hundred and fifty primary document pages of Ramona González's (1906-1995) writings. The writings are mostly written originally in Spanish, however, this collection contains translations of a majority of the writings. This collection contains short stories, poetry, dichos (sayings), and fables. Neil J. Devereaux has provided the translations to this collection.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
González, Ramona
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
The Ramona González Collection
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Quinto Sol Publishers
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1960-1975
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Devereaux, Neil J. [trans.]
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
Cristina D. Ramírez and Norma G. Hernández
Relation
A related resource
The Ramona González Papers, The University of Texas at Austin, The Nettie Lee Benson Latin American Collection
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
Text
Language
A language of the resource
Spanish
English
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
RM0001 - RM0181
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
El Paso, Texas
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Text
Any textual data included in the document
Reflection
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
El Barrio Chihuahuita, 1972
Subject
The topic of the resource
MEXICAN American women in literature
Description
An account of the resource
A short reflection piece about barrio Chihuahuita
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Ramona González
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
The Ramona González Papers
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Cristina D. Ramirez
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
Early 1970s
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
JPG
Language
A language of the resource
English and Spanish
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
RM197
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
EL PASO (Tex.)
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
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