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                  <text>Envelopes--Alonso S. Perales</text>
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                <text>Envelope addressed to Alonso S. Perales, Esq., postmarked 26 August 1945</text>
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                <text>Envelope addressed to Alonso S. Perales, Esq., from Carlos P. Romulo, the Resident Commissioner of the Philippines to the United States in Washington, D.C., postmarked 26 August 1945. This envelope cannot be definitively matched to any of the letters in the Alonso S. Perales Collection.</text>
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                <text>Poem/Song by Rosa Reyes (La Yaqui) 1983, Published first in Huehuetitlan no. 3&amp;4 in 1984. Published along an illustration by ADeH, M&amp;A Publications in 1993. POST-A-POEM Special Edition.</text>
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                  <text>PERALES, Alonso S., 1898-1960</text>
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                  <text>Alonso S. Perales Papers, University of Houston Libraries Special Collections </text>
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                  <text>Alonso S. Perales (1898-1960) was a lawyer, statesman, diplomat, author, writer, speaker. His collection is held at the University of Houston's Special Collections. A sampling of his photographs, letters, and documents are included here.</text>
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                <text>To Sr. Lic. Alonso S. Perales, From Florencia Sainz de Acosta, Octubre 7, de 1940.</text>
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            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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                <text>Sainz de Acosta, Florencia</text>
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                <text>Alonso S. Perales Papers: General Correspondence, c. 1920-1960. S-T, p003-004. 2p. University of Houston Libraries Special Collections</text>
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                <text>EBSCO Arte Público Hispanic Historical Collection: Series 2</text>
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                <text>MEXICAN American Soldiers</text>
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                <text>Letter to Alonso S. Perales from Florencia Sainz de Acosta railing against the injustice of segregation practices taking place within schools and the military.</text>
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            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="70692">
                <text>Items in this collection may be under copyright. Please contact apprec@central.uh.edu for more information.</text>
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                <text>[page 1]&#13;
Mercedes, Texas Octubre 7, de 1940.&#13;
&#13;
Sr. Lic.&#13;
&#13;
.Alonso S. Perales&#13;
San Antonio Texas.&#13;
&#13;
Respetable y estimado señor: ¡Qué valiente! y cuán afortunado toque de atención de Guerra de los E.U., ante la injusta y humillante diferencia con que se quiere distinguir al méxico-tejano. &#13;
&#13;
Con frecuencia sabemos de la denigrante se-gregración entre los alumnos de las escuelas; en los restaurants; en reuniones sociales y ahora, hasta en los futuros cuarteles, los, que por ser para soldados de origen hispano, probablemente serán rudos, anticuados y hasta antihigiénicos. &#13;
&#13;
¡Maldita calamidad nacional! y malditos dioses sanguinarios, á quienes tendrán, que aplacar con el sacrificio de nuestros hijos...Estos hijos que por desgracia nacieron vajo la férula de las barras y las estrellas.&#13;
&#13;
Lo de siempre, Señor Licenciado..¡El yo! ¡El Colosal! ¡El angloamericano!&#13;
&#13;
Parece que Mr. Perry Clark no se ha dado cuenta del amenazante sismo europeo. ¿¡Será posible?? Ojalá y no; pues entonces &#13;
&#13;
[page 2]&#13;
nuestros hijos tengan que ir como en rebaño al matadero.&#13;
&#13;
¿Qué tendrán que serbir de parapeto, acá donde se nos ve con tanta indiferencia?&#13;
&#13;
No, señor Lisenciado: Ud como director general de la Liga de Leales americanos deve ver por que se haga justicia a los americanos de origen hispano; que los [illegible: caminos] de estrenamiento seas el mismo.&#13;
&#13;
Muy sinseramente, merece Ud. un aplauso universal por la leal defensa en pro de nues=tra raza.&#13;
&#13;
Muy respetuosamente,&#13;
&#13;
Florencia Sainz de Acosta.&#13;
334 N. Texas Ave.&#13;
Mercedes, Texas.&#13;
&#13;
P.D.A.&#13;
Sr. Lisenciado: Felicito á Ud. en nombre de todos los meixcanos y mexicamerica y en nombre mio, por la héroica defensa á nuestros connacionales&#13;
&#13;
No crea Ud. que hayamos pasado por alto, su valeroso comunicado con Henry L. Stimson.&#13;
&#13;
Respetuosamente,&#13;
Sra. Acosta&#13;
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        <name>Segregación en la educación</name>
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                  <text>Copyright Arte Público Press</text>
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                  <text>UNITED States</text>
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                  <text>MEXICO</text>
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                  <text>PERU</text>
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                  <text>SAN Antonio (Tex.)</text>
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              <name>Date</name>
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                <elementText elementTextId="16527">
                  <text>1924-1960</text>
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                  <text>Perales, Alonso S.</text>
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            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>Envelope addressed to Consulado General de la Republica de Nicaragua [Consul General of the Republic of Nicaragua, Alonso S. Perales], postmarked 20 April 1945</text>
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            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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                <text>Salas. M., Cesar A. </text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>Envelope addressed to Consulado General de la Republica de Nicaragua [Consul General of the Republic of Nicaragua, Alonso S. Perales] from Cesar A. Salas M. in Austin, Texas, postmarked 20 April 1945. This envelope cannot be definitively matched to any of the letters in the Alonso S. Perales Collection.</text>
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            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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                <text>ENVELOPES (Stationery)</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
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            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
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            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
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                <text>pera0196</text>
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                <text>Alonso S. Perales Collection: Correspondence--Envelopes</text>
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            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
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                <text>AUSTIN (Tex.)</text>
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            <description>A related resource</description>
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            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="70906">
                <text>Items in this collection may be under copyright. Please contact apprec@central.uh.edu for more information.</text>
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                <text>Arenas, Ángel</text>
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                <text>https://latinonewspapers.uh.edu/s/eng/item/3763</text>
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                <text>Items in this collection may be under copyright. Please contact apprec@central.uh.edu for more information.</text>
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        <name>US Independence Day</name>
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                  <text>Alicia Lyons Collection</text>
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                  <text>Lyons, Alicia</text>
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                  <text>Alicia Lyons Collection</text>
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                  <text>Mexican American periodicals</text>
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                  <text>United States--Mexico border region</text>
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                  <text>Alicia Salazar Lyons is a community historian who recognized the historical, journalistic, and literary significance of a series of Spanish-language newspapers published and edited by Mexicans and Mexican Americans in San Antonio and McAllen, Texas, during the early decades of the 20th century. The collection brings together original publications, magazines, letters, photographs, and print articles that belonged to her father, Flavio Salazar, who played a key role in the editing of newspapers such as El Eco, El Mañana, and La Prensa. He was also the editor of the magazine Orientación and the final owner of the Orientación printing press, which he operated until its closure in 1976. </text>
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            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>Carta de Flavio Salazar a la Sra. Elvira Yáñez de Escutia</text>
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                <text> Letter from Flavio Salazar to Mrs. Evira Yáñez de Escutia</text>
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                <text>1941-04-02</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>Copia fotostática de una carta enviada a la Sra. Elvira Yáñez de Escutia por Flavio Salazar, en respuesta a la propuesta de la primera para adquirir parte de la imprenta que dirigió su finado hermano Lorenzo Yáñez (escritor y editor del periódico "El Mañana"). Salazar, además, cuenta sobre algunas consideraciones económicas y la posibilidad de comprar otra imprenta que le ofreció la viuda de Adrián Tapia (editor de "Diógenes" y "El Mañana")</text>
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                <text> Photostatic copy of a letter sent to Mrs. Elvira Yáñez de Escutia by Flavio Salazar, in response to the former's proposal to acquire her part of the print shop which was run by her late brother. Salazar also tells about some economic considerations and the possibility of buying another print shop offered to him by Adrián Tapia's (publisher of "Diógenes" and "El Mañana") widow.</text>
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            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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                <text>Salazar, Flavio </text>
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            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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                <text>Letters</text>
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                <text> Purchasing--Periodicals</text>
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                <text> Hispanic American newspapers</text>
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                <text> Mexican American newspapers</text>
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                <text> Newspaper presses</text>
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            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
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                <text>Alicia Lyons Collection, Recovering the US Hispanic Literary Heritage</text>
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            <description>A language of the resource</description>
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            <name>Relation</name>
            <description>A related resource</description>
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                <text>Orientación. Revista Mexicana</text>
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                <text> Diógenes</text>
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            <name>Coverage</name>
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                <text>McAllen, Laredo, Texas </text>
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            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
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                <text>Items in this collection may be under copyright. Please contact apprec@central.uh.edu for more information.</text>
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        <name>print shop</name>
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              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                  <text>Alonso S. Perales Collection</text>
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                  <text>Alonso S. Perales Papers</text>
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                  <text>Arte Público Press/Recovering the US Hispanic Literary Heritage</text>
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              <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
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                  <text>Arte Público Press</text>
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                  <text>Perales, Alonso S. </text>
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                  <text>PERALES, Alonso S., 1898-1960</text>
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                  <text>CIVIC participation: working for civil rights</text>
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                  <text>ACTIVISTS</text>
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                  <text>RACE discrimination</text>
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              <description>A related resource</description>
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                  <text>Alonso S. Perales Papers, University of Houston Libraries Special Collections </text>
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                  <text>EBSCO Arte Público Hispanic Historical Collection: Series 2 </text>
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              <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                  <text>Alonso S. Perales (1898-1960) was a lawyer, statesman, diplomat, author, writer, speaker. His collection is held at the University of Houston's Special Collections. A sampling of his photographs, letters, and documents are included here.</text>
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                  <text>Perales, Alonso S.  </text>
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      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
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                <text>To Mr. Alonso S. Perales, From Maria Antonia Chavez Saldana, March 6, 1940</text>
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            <name>Creator</name>
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                <text>Saldana, Maria Antonia Chavez</text>
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            <name>Source</name>
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                <text>Alonso S. Perales Collection: General Correspondence, c. 1920-1960. C-D, p090-093. 4p. University of Houston Libraries Special Collections</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="21751">
                <text>EBSCO Arte Público Hispanic Historical Collection: Series 2</text>
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          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
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            <name>Language</name>
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            <name>Type</name>
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          <element elementId="49">
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                <text>PERALES, Alonso S., 1898-1960</text>
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                <text>ANCESTORS</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>Letter to Alonso S. Perales from Maria Antonia Chavez Saldana thanking him for a copy of his book “En Defensa de mi Raza “[In Defense of my People].  In her letter she discusses the racism that Mexican Americans face and how the younger generation are becoming bitter, because Mexican boys are not given a “square deal”.  She also mentions her family’s long lineage of settling in San Antonio, starting from 1715.  She also talks highly about her son’s and their endeavors.</text>
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                <text>SAN Antonio (Tex.)</text>
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            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="70736">
                <text>Items in this collection may be under copyright. Please contact apprec@central.uh.edu for more information.</text>
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                <text>[Handwritten - Letter]&#13;
&#13;
San Antonio, Texas&#13;
March 6, 1940&#13;
&#13;
Mr. Alonso S. Perales&#13;
614 Gunter Building&#13;
San Antonio, Texas&#13;
Dear Mr. Perales:&#13;
&#13;
I wish to thank you most sincerely for your thoughtfulness and kindness in giving me a copy of your book "En Defensa de mi Raza".  I really enjoyed reading it especially that page on which is printed your letter to Mr. Gonzales.  Allow me to congratulate you.  I also have a bone to pick with that gentleman and nothing would give me greater pleasure  than to see him be put in his right place.&#13;
&#13;
It really is too bad we dont have more Alonso Perales' to defend the Mexican people.  Unfortunately, when some one tries to do some-thing, the others who are in a position to help dont do so.  The first thing they say is "Why should I make enemies among the white people [Underlined] (pardon the words) when they treat me fine."  There you have the whole thing in a nut shell.  They'll sell their birth-right for a mess of pottage.  The fools!  They have no pride, no dignity, no self respect.  &#13;
&#13;
#2&#13;
&#13;
I've made plenty of enemies but it is worth it.  It makes my blood boil to hear germans, Italians, Anglo-Americans etc. say, "These Mexicans should be sent back to Mexico".  Do I keep quiet?  Certainly not.  I tell them that if it hadnt been for the ancestors of some of these so - called Mexicans they wouldnt be here taking it easy.&#13;
&#13;
You see Mr. Perles, I have a right to answer them in that rude way because my people first came here to San Antonio in 1715, sixteen years before the Canary Islanders came.  One of my ancestors Don Pedro Flores de Abrego was born here in 1719.  Another ancestor Don Domingo Ramon came here in 1716.  I'm very proud of them.  And of course I'm proud of some of my other ancestors who came from the Canary Islands in 1731.  I have ancestors in one generation or other who descend from nine of the original 13 Canary Islanders (families), one being Don Juan Leal Goras who was the leader of them all.  That is why my grandfather Don Pedro Chaves was one of the heirs to that property where the court-house stands.  Hi mother, grandmother and great grandmother were born in the same house on the land granted to their ancestor Don Juan Leal [Unintelligable - Goras].  The property was sold to Mr. Dwyer and his wife [Unintelligable Mariana] Leal, &#13;
&#13;
#3&#13;
&#13;
and they in turn sold it to the county later on.  &#13;
&#13;
Wouldn't all these settlers turn in their graves to see how their descendants are humiliated day by day.  No jobs worth while for people of Mexican descent while others who came yesterday and never heard of the Alamo until they came here get the best positions.&#13;
&#13;
I'm worried about the younger generation, they are getting bitter because they say they are neither Mexican or American and that it is useless to go to college and spend 4 years or more and get a position driving a truck or clerking in some small store after they finish college.&#13;
&#13;
My son who graduated last May from Sidney Lanier was an honor graduate, was valedictorian of the class and received seven scholarships to the largest college in Texas but he wouldnt go because he is seeing how things are right now.  He wanted to be an architect but was told by his teacher who cared very much for him, it would be useless to go six years to college and then not get a position.  So he is working as window trimmer and salesman for Paul Maureaux Co. and goes to night school at Tech.  He wants to be somebody but how can he when they dont give a square deal to the Mexican boys.&#13;
&#13;
#4&#13;
&#13;
Some day I'm going to send him over to you but its' so hard to say when. He works from 7:30 a.m til 6:30 p.m and on Saturdays 7:30 a.m to 9:30 p.m He knows how to talk, he's not like the one you met who would rather [Illegible - pray] than talk.  By the way, Mr. Perales, you made a conquest and I mean a conquest.  My son thought you were the grandest sort of a man he had ever met.  He's been bragging about you to every one he knows, and that means something.  He thinks of nothing but sports (he is a basketball star) and he said, "I bet if I talked to Mr. Perales about basketball he'd know what I was talking about". He is only 17 years old and graduated in January but is [Illegible - posting] until May when he gets his diploma. My oldest son Jesse was 18 when he graduated but he received so many honors it would take a page to list them.&#13;
&#13;
My letter has turned out to be a book it seems and I hope I haven't bored you but I had to get my feelings off my chest and you were the proper person for that.&#13;
&#13;
So thanking you again for your kindness&#13;
I remain&#13;
&#13;
Yours sincerely&#13;
Maria Antonia Chavez Saldaña&#13;
&#13;
&#13;
&#13;
&#13;
&#13;
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        <name>Ramon, Don Domingo</name>
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        <name>Saldana, Maria Antonia Chavez</name>
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                  <text>Envelopes--Alonso S. Perales</text>
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              <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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              <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                  <text>This collection contains a sampling of empty envelopes included in the Alonso S. Perales Collection. These envelopes attest to Perales' communication network, which spans across the United States and abroad.</text>
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                  <text>Alonso S. Perales Collection: Correspondence--Envelopes</text>
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              <name>Rights</name>
              <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
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                  <text>Copyright Arte Público Press</text>
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              <name>Language</name>
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                  <text>UNITED States</text>
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                  <text>MEXICO</text>
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                  <text>PERU</text>
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              <name>Date</name>
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              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="16527">
                  <text>1924-1960</text>
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                  <text>Perales, Alonso S.</text>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="11951">
                <text>Envelope addressed to Lic. [Licenciado/Esq.] Alonso S. Perales, postmarked 15 September 1941</text>
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            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="11952">
                <text>Salinas, Daniel </text>
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          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="11953">
                <text>Envelope addressed to Lic. [Licenciado/Esq.] Alonso S. Perales from Lieutenant Daniel Salinas from Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, postmarked 15 September 1941. This envelope cannot be definitively matched to any of the letters in the Alonso S. Perales Collection.</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="11954">
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            <name>Date</name>
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                <text>1941-09-15</text>
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                <text>Alonso S. Perales Collection: Correspondence--Envelopes</text>
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                <text>Alonso S. Perales Collection</text>
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            <description>A language of the resource</description>
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          <element elementId="38">
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            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
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                <text>PHILADELPHIA (Pa.)</text>
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                <text>EBSCO Arte Público Hispanic Historical Collection: Series 2</text>
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                <text>Alonso S. Perales Papers: General Correspondence. University of Houston Libraries, Special Collections</text>
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            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
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                <text>Items in this collection may be under copyright. Please contact apprec@central.uh.edu for more information.</text>
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