155 10 1713 http://usldhrecovery.uh.edu/files/original/33/4894/pera0480_page-0001.jpg ad2ba9e6dd7c78568b71f750c0103669 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Documenting Discrimination: Alonso S. Perales Correspondence (1927-1952) Subject The topic of the resource Letters Perales, Alonso S., 1898-1960 Discrimination against Mexican Americans Discrimination in employment Race discrimination--public establishments Race discrimination--restaurants; Segregation in education Discrimination in housing Race discrimination in medical care Veteran Police brutality Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Alonso S. Perales Collection: General Correspondence, c. 1920-1960. University of Houston Libraries Special Collections. EBSCO Arte Público Hispanic Historical Collection: Series 2. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1927-1952 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Perales, Alonso S. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Content compilation of The Latino/Hispanic American Experience Leaders, Writers and Thinkers copyright 2012 by Arte Público Historical Collections. All rights reserved. Relation A related resource <a href="https://usldhrecovery.uh.edu/collections/show/1">Alonso S. Perales Collection</a> Arte Público Hispanic Historical Collection: Series 2 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource JPG Language A language of the resource Spanish Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context pera0000 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Texas Description An account of the resource Alonso S. Perales, one of the greatest Latino civil rights leaders ever, was one of the first Latino public intellectuals to master the use of the media in pioneering efforts to track and report on discrimination. Over the course of forty years of activism, during the 1920s to 1960, Perales wrote a weekly column in San Antonio’s La Prensa newspaper, the periodical with the greatest and most extensive circulation; had a radio program; published books; and maintained an unheard of level of correspondence, writing daily as many as ten letters to the authorities, civil rights activists and just everyday folk. One campaign he maintained over many years was his use of the periodicals and radio program to invite victims and witnesses of discrimination to document the cases in letter form and send them to him at his San Antonio law office. He would abstract these testimonies in his newspaper columns and radio programs and use them as evidence to demand corrective action and policy changes from government at every level. In the Alonso S. Perales archive hundreds of these letters have been preserved; many of them were written by hand by working-class people who were most likely to suffer the indignities and denial of services because they were Mexicans or Latinos. Because La Prensa and Perales’ network was so broad, the letters came not only from throughout Texas and the Southwest but from as far north as North Dakota and east as the Carolinas. The record is diverse in documenting everything from barbers refusing to cut hair to schools that would not allow Mexican families to register their children. The Perales collection of correspondence is one of the very few documentary sources that precisely date, locate and describe the instances of segregation, violence and racism experienced by Latinos over a long period of time: names are named, addresses noted and alleged crimes publicized; in most cases, however, these acts were committed with impunity, but the informal history and conscience of la raza was recording them. And now, the researchers of posterity can study and reference them in writing a truer history of the United States, and communities can become aware of these acts in developing laws and policy. Alonso S. Perales, uno de los líderes latinos más importantes de derechos civiles, fue uno de los primeros intelectuales públicos en dominar el uso de los medios de comunicación y pionero en dedicar esfuerzos a rastrear y denunciar instancias de discriminación. A lo largo de cuarenta años de activismo, durante las décadas de 1920 hasta 1960, Perales escribió columnas semanales en el periódico La Prensa de San Antonio, el diario con la mayor y más extensa circulación de ese período; además tuvo un programa de radio; publicó libros; y mantuvo una extensa correspondencia, escribiendo hasta diez cartas diarias dirigidas a autoridades, activistas de derechos civiles y gente en general. Perales impulsó una campaña, que mantuvo durante muchos años, donde a través de publicaciones en periódicos y su programa de radio invitaba a las víctimas y testigos de actos de discriminación a documentar estos casos en forma de cartas y a enviárselas a su despacho de abogados de San Antonio, Texas. Perales resumía estos testimonios en sus columnas periodísticas y programas de radio y los utilizaba como prueba para exigir medidas correctivas y cambios de política al gobierno a todo nivel. En el archivo de Alonso S. Perales se conservan cientos de estas cartas; muchas de ellas escritas a mano provenientes en su mayoría de la clase trabajadora que tenía más probabilidades de sufrir humillaciones y negación de servicios por ser mexicanos o latinos. Como la red de La Prensa y de Perales eran tan amplias, las cartas vinieron no solo desde Texas y del suroeste sino también desde lugares tan al norte como Dakota del Norte y del este como Carolina del Sur y Carolina del Norte. El material es variado y documenta desde barberos que se negaban a cortar el pelo hasta escuelas que no permitían a las familias mexicanas matricular a sus hijos. La colección de correspondencia de Perales es una de las escasas fuentes documentales que datan, localizan y describen con precisión los casos de segregación, violencia y racismo sufridos por los latinos durante un largo periodo de tiempo: se citan nombres, se anotan direcciones y se publicitan presuntos delitos; en la mayoría de los casos, sin embargo, estos actos se cometían con impunidad, pero la historia informal y la conciencia de la raza los registraban. Y ahora, los investigadores de la posteridad pueden estudiarlos y hacer referencia a ellos al escribir una historia más verdadera de Estados Unidos, y las comunidades pueden tomar conciencia de estos actos al momento de elaborar leyes y políticas. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context pera0480 Title A name given to the resource To Lic. Alonso S. Perales, From Arturo Ortiz, February 18, 1945 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1945-02-18 Subject The topic of the resource Letters Perales, Alonso S., 1898-1960 Discrimination against Mexican Americans Discrimination in employment Description An account of the resource Letter from Arturo Ortiz to Alonso S. Perales regarding the injury he suffered at his work and the company's refusal to compensate him or pay for his surgery. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Ortiz, Arturo Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Alonso S. Perales Collection: General Correspondence, c. 1920-1960. Relation A related resource Arte Público Hispanic Historical Collection: Series 2 "El Lic. Perales solicita informes de importancia." Prensa, 13 Feb. 1944, p. 3. Readex: America's Historical Newspapers, infoweb.newsbank.com/apps/readex/doc?p=EANX&docref=image/v2%3A11F30FF2F63C9976%40EANX-120C76E2F030DE48%402431134-120640EE8BF998F8%402. Accessed 18 Nov. 2022. Language A language of the resource Spanish Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Abilene (Tex.) Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource JPG Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Items in this collection may be under copyright. Please contact apprec@central.uh.edu for more information. Cartas Discriminación contra los mexicoamericanos Discriminación en el empleo Perales, Alonso S., 1898-1960 http://usldhrecovery.uh.edu/files/original/33/4850/pera0432_page-0001.jpg d3292d3032bd10f4e253fd8624dfbbf2 http://usldhrecovery.uh.edu/files/original/33/4850/pera0432_page-0002.jpg b6e4cdbc87e092b7374cf803eeae838d Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Documenting Discrimination: Alonso S. Perales Correspondence (1927-1952) Subject The topic of the resource Letters Perales, Alonso S., 1898-1960 Discrimination against Mexican Americans Discrimination in employment Race discrimination--public establishments Race discrimination--restaurants; Segregation in education Discrimination in housing Race discrimination in medical care Veteran Police brutality Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Alonso S. Perales Collection: General Correspondence, c. 1920-1960. University of Houston Libraries Special Collections. EBSCO Arte Público Hispanic Historical Collection: Series 2. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1927-1952 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Perales, Alonso S. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Content compilation of The Latino/Hispanic American Experience Leaders, Writers and Thinkers copyright 2012 by Arte Público Historical Collections. All rights reserved. Relation A related resource <a href="https://usldhrecovery.uh.edu/collections/show/1">Alonso S. Perales Collection</a> Arte Público Hispanic Historical Collection: Series 2 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource JPG Language A language of the resource Spanish Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context pera0000 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Texas Description An account of the resource Alonso S. Perales, one of the greatest Latino civil rights leaders ever, was one of the first Latino public intellectuals to master the use of the media in pioneering efforts to track and report on discrimination. Over the course of forty years of activism, during the 1920s to 1960, Perales wrote a weekly column in San Antonio’s La Prensa newspaper, the periodical with the greatest and most extensive circulation; had a radio program; published books; and maintained an unheard of level of correspondence, writing daily as many as ten letters to the authorities, civil rights activists and just everyday folk. One campaign he maintained over many years was his use of the periodicals and radio program to invite victims and witnesses of discrimination to document the cases in letter form and send them to him at his San Antonio law office. He would abstract these testimonies in his newspaper columns and radio programs and use them as evidence to demand corrective action and policy changes from government at every level. In the Alonso S. Perales archive hundreds of these letters have been preserved; many of them were written by hand by working-class people who were most likely to suffer the indignities and denial of services because they were Mexicans or Latinos. Because La Prensa and Perales’ network was so broad, the letters came not only from throughout Texas and the Southwest but from as far north as North Dakota and east as the Carolinas. The record is diverse in documenting everything from barbers refusing to cut hair to schools that would not allow Mexican families to register their children. The Perales collection of correspondence is one of the very few documentary sources that precisely date, locate and describe the instances of segregation, violence and racism experienced by Latinos over a long period of time: names are named, addresses noted and alleged crimes publicized; in most cases, however, these acts were committed with impunity, but the informal history and conscience of la raza was recording them. And now, the researchers of posterity can study and reference them in writing a truer history of the United States, and communities can become aware of these acts in developing laws and policy. Alonso S. Perales, uno de los líderes latinos más importantes de derechos civiles, fue uno de los primeros intelectuales públicos en dominar el uso de los medios de comunicación y pionero en dedicar esfuerzos a rastrear y denunciar instancias de discriminación. A lo largo de cuarenta años de activismo, durante las décadas de 1920 hasta 1960, Perales escribió columnas semanales en el periódico La Prensa de San Antonio, el diario con la mayor y más extensa circulación de ese período; además tuvo un programa de radio; publicó libros; y mantuvo una extensa correspondencia, escribiendo hasta diez cartas diarias dirigidas a autoridades, activistas de derechos civiles y gente en general. Perales impulsó una campaña, que mantuvo durante muchos años, donde a través de publicaciones en periódicos y su programa de radio invitaba a las víctimas y testigos de actos de discriminación a documentar estos casos en forma de cartas y a enviárselas a su despacho de abogados de San Antonio, Texas. Perales resumía estos testimonios en sus columnas periodísticas y programas de radio y los utilizaba como prueba para exigir medidas correctivas y cambios de política al gobierno a todo nivel. En el archivo de Alonso S. Perales se conservan cientos de estas cartas; muchas de ellas escritas a mano provenientes en su mayoría de la clase trabajadora que tenía más probabilidades de sufrir humillaciones y negación de servicios por ser mexicanos o latinos. Como la red de La Prensa y de Perales eran tan amplias, las cartas vinieron no solo desde Texas y del suroeste sino también desde lugares tan al norte como Dakota del Norte y del este como Carolina del Sur y Carolina del Norte. El material es variado y documenta desde barberos que se negaban a cortar el pelo hasta escuelas que no permitían a las familias mexicanas matricular a sus hijos. La colección de correspondencia de Perales es una de las escasas fuentes documentales que datan, localizan y describen con precisión los casos de segregación, violencia y racismo sufridos por los latinos durante un largo periodo de tiempo: se citan nombres, se anotan direcciones y se publicitan presuntos delitos; en la mayoría de los casos, sin embargo, estos actos se cometían con impunidad, pero la historia informal y la conciencia de la raza los registraban. Y ahora, los investigadores de la posteridad pueden estudiarlos y hacer referencia a ellos al escribir una historia más verdadera de Estados Unidos, y las comunidades pueden tomar conciencia de estos actos al momento de elaborar leyes y políticas. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context pera0432 Title A name given to the resource To Lic. Alonso S. Perales, From Carlos Treviño, Lolita, Texas, February 16, 1944 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1944-02-16 Subject The topic of the resource Letters Perales, Alonso S., 1898-1960 Discrimination against Mexican Americans Race discrimination--public establishments Race discrimination--restaurants Mexican Americans--Mexican Americans--Segregation Race discrimination in education Description An account of the resource Letter from Carlos Treviño to Alonso S. Perales informing him of the discrimination and segregation that people of Mexican descent face in restaurants, cafes, bars, and schools in various cities and counties in Texas including Lolita, Edna, Horton, Richmond, Matagorda, Brazoria, Angleton, and Ganado. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Treviño, Carlos Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Alonso S. Perales Collection: General Correspondence, c. 1920-1960. Relation A related resource Arte Público Hispanic Historical Collection: Series 2 "El Lic. Perales solicita informes de importancia." Prensa, 13 Feb. 1944, p. 3. Readex: America's Historical Newspapers, infoweb.newsbank.com/apps/readex/doc?p=EANX&docref=image/v2%3A11F30FF2F63C9976%40EANX-120C76E2F030DE48%402431134-120640EE8BF998F8%402. Accessed 18 Nov. 2022. Language A language of the resource Spanish Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Lolita (Tex.) Edna (Tex.) Horton (Tex.) Richmond (Tex.) Matagorda County (Tex.) Brazoria County (Tex.) Angleton (Tex.) Ganado (Tex.) Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource JPG Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Items in this collection may be under copyright. Please contact apprec@central.uh.edu for more information. Cartas Discriminación contra mexicoamericanos Discriminación racial--establecimientos públicos Discriminación racial--restaurantes Mexicanoamericanos--Segregación Mexicanoamericanos--Segregación en la educación Perales, Alonso S., 1898-1960 http://usldhrecovery.uh.edu/files/original/1/298/pera0011.jpg e3a9386bb0436b592990f8ecc5bc07aa http://usldhrecovery.uh.edu/files/original/1/298/pera0011_001.jpg 5aa5868732633b51b2819456645c6929 http://usldhrecovery.uh.edu/files/original/1/298/pera0011_002.jpg 638e13dadbe99e4b49dd5c4826c7b2c3 http://usldhrecovery.uh.edu/files/original/1/298/pera0011_003.jpg 796d9b74c10be2981e1f4a32b9ca37f5 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Alonso S. Perales Collection Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Alonso S. Perales Papers Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Arte Público Press/Recovering the US Hispanic Literary Heritage Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Arte Público Press Language A language of the resource Spanish English Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Perales, Alonso S. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource JPEG Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Photograph Subject The topic of the resource PERALES, Alonso S., 1898-1960 LEAGUE of United Latin American Citizens CIVIC participation: working for civil rights MEXICAN Americans LATINO Americans ACTIVISTS RACE discrimination Relation A related resource Alonso S. Perales Papers, University of Houston Libraries Special Collections EBSCO Arte Público Hispanic Historical Collection: Series 2 Description An account of the resource Alonso S. Perales (1898-1960) was a lawyer, statesman, diplomat, author, writer, speaker. His collection is held at the University of Houston's Special Collections. A sampling of his photographs, letters, and documents are included here. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Perales, Alonso S. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource To Lic. Alonso S. Perales, From Fidencia R. Estrello, Febrero 16 de 1944 Subject The topic of the resource LETTERS DISCRIMINATION against Mexican Americans RACE discrimination in education SEGREGATION in education. MEXICAN Americans Description An account of the resource Letter from Fidencia R. Estrello to Alonso S. Perales detailing racial discrimination and segregation faced by her children and other children of Mexican descent in an Ganado, Texas school. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Estrello, Fidencia R. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Alonso S. Perales Collection: General Correspondence, c. 1920-1960. E-F, p080-083. 4p., University of Houston Libraries Special Collections EBSCO Arte Público Hispanic Historical Collection: Series 2 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1944-02-16 Relation A related resource EBSCO Arte Publico Hispanic Historical Collection: Series 2 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource JPEG Language A language of the resource Spanish Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context pera0011 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant EDNA (Tex.) GANADO (Tex.) Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Items in this collection may be under copyright. Please contact apprec@central.uh.edu for more information. Scripto Transcription A written representation of a document. Ganado Texas a de Febrero 16 de 1,944 Sr: Lic. Alonso S. Perales Distinguido Sr. Considerando la importancia que tiene para nuestra raza su solisitud [solicitud] de informes con respecto a los lugares en que se nos distin-gue [distingue]. Ruego a Ud. me dispense en los herro-res [errores] que cometa al quererle expresar to-do [todo] lo que yo siento y he visto, aqui en este condado de "Jackson Country [County]" es cosa vista y notable que a los restaurantes americanos no dá un paso un mexicano. En tiempo de la pisca pasan los mexica-nos [mexicanos] (que ya saben) directamente a otros lugares a piscar donde puedan sigui-ra [seguir a] tomar una taza de café. En el año 1,941 fuimos mi esposo y yo a Monterrey a paseo cuando regresamos nos ayamos [hayamos] de nuevo entre mis hijos (porque tenemos un gran número de familia todos nacidos aqui, yo y mi esposo somos nacidos en Mexico.) de que habrian corrido a los niños de Don José Marroquin simplemente porque ellos no quisieron apartar su lonche [page 2] y ropa, esos niños a decir verdad, eran de lo más atento y limpio que puede aver [haber], ellos comprendiendo su origen des-preciado [despreciado] preciaron irse para su casa llorando..... Cuando llegaron mis hijos en la tarde lo contaron todo; pero como eran cortos de edad y de talento no los secundaron a aban-donar [abandonar] todos al mismo tiempo la escuela. Tan puesto como nos dieron la queja fue mi esposo en su carro y personalmente habló con todos los padres de familia de origen mexicano que sumarían entre todos los niños 50 y americanos concurrirían 20 a lo más. Todos los padres prometieron no mandar al día siguiente a sus hijos asta [hasta] que no se pusiera una queja (porque a decir verdad todos los pa-dres [padres] eran ciudadanos mexicanos y por lo tanto solisitaban la ayuda del presidente mexicano porque es-taban [estaban] tan descontentos que decían que el cónsul no les haría ni caso susedió que nomas no concurrie-ron [concurrieron] el profesor superior fue a rogar- [page 3] les [rogarles] que no hizieran tal cosa y que los [strikeout: h]iba a tratar con el mismo cariño que antes. y que los mandaran Pues ya vé Ud como con una poca de unión y proposito de to-da [toda] nuestra raza mexicana se com-pone [compone] estas distinciones asi quisiera yo que aqui en esta parte de este condado está muy desnivelado el amor al prójimo, y yo le digo a mi esposo mientras que no se quiera en Estados Unidos Americanos la sangre morena nunca habrá amis-tad [amistad] de buen vecino. Como dijo "Juárez" el respeto al derecho ajeno es la paz. asi tambien mientras que todas las naciones blancas ten-gan [tengan] horror arrimarse a una persona de origen mexicano, o de las americas suramericanas no ha-bra [habrá] paz de corazón en todo el mun-do [mundo]. Si estas lineas le fueron en algo útil yo lo que le prometo es mandarle las direcciones y nombres de los restaurantes a- qui [aquí] en el Ganado son 2 en Edna Texas [page 4] son como 6 en Edna [strikeout: al] ay [hay] 1 escuela para mexicanos enstando [estando] la america-na [americana] como a 10 yds de distancia. Aqui en el Ganado todos los mexicanitos hasta 3 grados están aparte y los tiene una americana estando en el mismo edificio; pero dicen que para que no se junten con los americanos como son muchos mexi-canos [mexicanos] en esos grados. En la escuela que concurren los niños más medianos mios, dijo la profesora ayer que para el año en-trante [entrante] iba a dejar puros mexicanos y los americanos [strikeout: y]. iban a ir al Ga-nado [Ganado] por supuesto los mexicanos al rancho y los americanos al pueblo. En fin es mucho, lo puede Ud in-formar [informar] con los demás compatrio-tas [compatriotas] que aqui estamos viviendo. Eso es mucho en una nación que se llama Democratica por todos sus pun-tos [puntos] cardinales esas distinciones son los puntos enfermos de esta gran na-ción [nación]. atta y S.S. [signed] Fidencia R Estrello Cartas Discriminación contra mexicoamericanos Discriminación en la educación Mexicoamericanos Segregación en la educación http://usldhrecovery.uh.edu/files/original/33/4845/pera0427_page-0001.jpg 1545725ebee3ade782ea04c87560e07a http://usldhrecovery.uh.edu/files/original/33/4845/pera0427_page-0002.jpg d2bbb43bbf034403a20972074e9ac750 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Documenting Discrimination: Alonso S. Perales Correspondence (1927-1952) Subject The topic of the resource Letters Perales, Alonso S., 1898-1960 Discrimination against Mexican Americans Discrimination in employment Race discrimination--public establishments Race discrimination--restaurants; Segregation in education Discrimination in housing Race discrimination in medical care Veteran Police brutality Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Alonso S. Perales Collection: General Correspondence, c. 1920-1960. University of Houston Libraries Special Collections. EBSCO Arte Público Hispanic Historical Collection: Series 2. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1927-1952 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Perales, Alonso S. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Content compilation of The Latino/Hispanic American Experience Leaders, Writers and Thinkers copyright 2012 by Arte Público Historical Collections. All rights reserved. Relation A related resource <a href="https://usldhrecovery.uh.edu/collections/show/1">Alonso S. Perales Collection</a> Arte Público Hispanic Historical Collection: Series 2 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource JPG Language A language of the resource Spanish Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context pera0000 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Texas Description An account of the resource Alonso S. Perales, one of the greatest Latino civil rights leaders ever, was one of the first Latino public intellectuals to master the use of the media in pioneering efforts to track and report on discrimination. Over the course of forty years of activism, during the 1920s to 1960, Perales wrote a weekly column in San Antonio’s La Prensa newspaper, the periodical with the greatest and most extensive circulation; had a radio program; published books; and maintained an unheard of level of correspondence, writing daily as many as ten letters to the authorities, civil rights activists and just everyday folk. One campaign he maintained over many years was his use of the periodicals and radio program to invite victims and witnesses of discrimination to document the cases in letter form and send them to him at his San Antonio law office. He would abstract these testimonies in his newspaper columns and radio programs and use them as evidence to demand corrective action and policy changes from government at every level. In the Alonso S. Perales archive hundreds of these letters have been preserved; many of them were written by hand by working-class people who were most likely to suffer the indignities and denial of services because they were Mexicans or Latinos. Because La Prensa and Perales’ network was so broad, the letters came not only from throughout Texas and the Southwest but from as far north as North Dakota and east as the Carolinas. The record is diverse in documenting everything from barbers refusing to cut hair to schools that would not allow Mexican families to register their children. The Perales collection of correspondence is one of the very few documentary sources that precisely date, locate and describe the instances of segregation, violence and racism experienced by Latinos over a long period of time: names are named, addresses noted and alleged crimes publicized; in most cases, however, these acts were committed with impunity, but the informal history and conscience of la raza was recording them. And now, the researchers of posterity can study and reference them in writing a truer history of the United States, and communities can become aware of these acts in developing laws and policy. Alonso S. Perales, uno de los líderes latinos más importantes de derechos civiles, fue uno de los primeros intelectuales públicos en dominar el uso de los medios de comunicación y pionero en dedicar esfuerzos a rastrear y denunciar instancias de discriminación. A lo largo de cuarenta años de activismo, durante las décadas de 1920 hasta 1960, Perales escribió columnas semanales en el periódico La Prensa de San Antonio, el diario con la mayor y más extensa circulación de ese período; además tuvo un programa de radio; publicó libros; y mantuvo una extensa correspondencia, escribiendo hasta diez cartas diarias dirigidas a autoridades, activistas de derechos civiles y gente en general. Perales impulsó una campaña, que mantuvo durante muchos años, donde a través de publicaciones en periódicos y su programa de radio invitaba a las víctimas y testigos de actos de discriminación a documentar estos casos en forma de cartas y a enviárselas a su despacho de abogados de San Antonio, Texas. Perales resumía estos testimonios en sus columnas periodísticas y programas de radio y los utilizaba como prueba para exigir medidas correctivas y cambios de política al gobierno a todo nivel. En el archivo de Alonso S. Perales se conservan cientos de estas cartas; muchas de ellas escritas a mano provenientes en su mayoría de la clase trabajadora que tenía más probabilidades de sufrir humillaciones y negación de servicios por ser mexicanos o latinos. Como la red de La Prensa y de Perales eran tan amplias, las cartas vinieron no solo desde Texas y del suroeste sino también desde lugares tan al norte como Dakota del Norte y del este como Carolina del Sur y Carolina del Norte. El material es variado y documenta desde barberos que se negaban a cortar el pelo hasta escuelas que no permitían a las familias mexicanas matricular a sus hijos. La colección de correspondencia de Perales es una de las escasas fuentes documentales que datan, localizan y describen con precisión los casos de segregación, violencia y racismo sufridos por los latinos durante un largo periodo de tiempo: se citan nombres, se anotan direcciones y se publicitan presuntos delitos; en la mayoría de los casos, sin embargo, estos actos se cometían con impunidad, pero la historia informal y la conciencia de la raza los registraban. Y ahora, los investigadores de la posteridad pueden estudiarlos y hacer referencia a ellos al escribir una historia más verdadera de Estados Unidos, y las comunidades pueden tomar conciencia de estos actos al momento de elaborar leyes y políticas. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context pera0427 Title A name given to the resource To Lic. Alonso S. Perales, From Julio Silvas, February 16, 1944 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1944-02-16 Subject The topic of the resource Letters Perales, Alonso S., 1898-1960 Discrimination against Mexican Americans Race discrimination--public establishments Race discrimination--restaurants Description An account of the resource Letter from Julio Silvas, listing businesses that discriminate against people of Mexican descent, including Quick Lunch, Pales Lunch Room, Waffer Cafe, AF Lunch, and Clover Grill. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Silvas, Julio Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Alonso S. Perales Collection: General Correspondence, c. 1920-1960. Relation A related resource Arte Público Hispanic Historical Collection: Series 2 Language A language of the resource Spanish Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Big Spring (Tex.) Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource JPG Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Items in this collection may be under copyright. Please contact apprec@central.uh.edu for more information. Cartas Discriminación contra mexicoamericanos Discriminación racial--establecimientos públicos Discriminación racial--restaurantes Perales, Alonso S., 1898-1960 http://usldhrecovery.uh.edu/files/original/33/4870/pera0454_page-0001.jpg 0697deeaffc5985292b5584600b67582 http://usldhrecovery.uh.edu/files/original/33/4870/pera0454_page-0002.jpg e15ed9ce1707fb532083c3aa97cf774f http://usldhrecovery.uh.edu/files/original/33/4870/pera0454_page-0003.jpg b8018b66d23c85c6620c67af88f8a2b0 http://usldhrecovery.uh.edu/files/original/33/4870/pera0454_page-0004.jpg f19b196f437cda8137cceb52e7fabddc http://usldhrecovery.uh.edu/files/original/33/4870/pera0454_page-0005.jpg 0ddc8579bdbc28d56d7041a0f3401c5d http://usldhrecovery.uh.edu/files/original/33/4870/pera0454_page-0006.jpg 0eca154e0ccc9b6c7cc8bf8e24b574ad http://usldhrecovery.uh.edu/files/original/33/4870/pera0454_page-0007.jpg 6b29b8f6a3904df496caf7734991cac3 http://usldhrecovery.uh.edu/files/original/33/4870/pera0454_page-0008.jpg eb8d72e988ba9f24598040bf6c4d3afe http://usldhrecovery.uh.edu/files/original/33/4870/pera0454_page-0009.jpg ed76da119bbc425ed8a24401b44be05d Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Documenting Discrimination: Alonso S. Perales Correspondence (1927-1952) Subject The topic of the resource Letters Perales, Alonso S., 1898-1960 Discrimination against Mexican Americans Discrimination in employment Race discrimination--public establishments Race discrimination--restaurants; Segregation in education Discrimination in housing Race discrimination in medical care Veteran Police brutality Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Alonso S. Perales Collection: General Correspondence, c. 1920-1960. University of Houston Libraries Special Collections. EBSCO Arte Público Hispanic Historical Collection: Series 2. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1927-1952 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Perales, Alonso S. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Content compilation of The Latino/Hispanic American Experience Leaders, Writers and Thinkers copyright 2012 by Arte Público Historical Collections. All rights reserved. Relation A related resource <a href="https://usldhrecovery.uh.edu/collections/show/1">Alonso S. Perales Collection</a> Arte Público Hispanic Historical Collection: Series 2 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource JPG Language A language of the resource Spanish Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context pera0000 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Texas Description An account of the resource Alonso S. Perales, one of the greatest Latino civil rights leaders ever, was one of the first Latino public intellectuals to master the use of the media in pioneering efforts to track and report on discrimination. Over the course of forty years of activism, during the 1920s to 1960, Perales wrote a weekly column in San Antonio’s La Prensa newspaper, the periodical with the greatest and most extensive circulation; had a radio program; published books; and maintained an unheard of level of correspondence, writing daily as many as ten letters to the authorities, civil rights activists and just everyday folk. One campaign he maintained over many years was his use of the periodicals and radio program to invite victims and witnesses of discrimination to document the cases in letter form and send them to him at his San Antonio law office. He would abstract these testimonies in his newspaper columns and radio programs and use them as evidence to demand corrective action and policy changes from government at every level. In the Alonso S. Perales archive hundreds of these letters have been preserved; many of them were written by hand by working-class people who were most likely to suffer the indignities and denial of services because they were Mexicans or Latinos. Because La Prensa and Perales’ network was so broad, the letters came not only from throughout Texas and the Southwest but from as far north as North Dakota and east as the Carolinas. The record is diverse in documenting everything from barbers refusing to cut hair to schools that would not allow Mexican families to register their children. The Perales collection of correspondence is one of the very few documentary sources that precisely date, locate and describe the instances of segregation, violence and racism experienced by Latinos over a long period of time: names are named, addresses noted and alleged crimes publicized; in most cases, however, these acts were committed with impunity, but the informal history and conscience of la raza was recording them. And now, the researchers of posterity can study and reference them in writing a truer history of the United States, and communities can become aware of these acts in developing laws and policy. Alonso S. Perales, uno de los líderes latinos más importantes de derechos civiles, fue uno de los primeros intelectuales públicos en dominar el uso de los medios de comunicación y pionero en dedicar esfuerzos a rastrear y denunciar instancias de discriminación. A lo largo de cuarenta años de activismo, durante las décadas de 1920 hasta 1960, Perales escribió columnas semanales en el periódico La Prensa de San Antonio, el diario con la mayor y más extensa circulación de ese período; además tuvo un programa de radio; publicó libros; y mantuvo una extensa correspondencia, escribiendo hasta diez cartas diarias dirigidas a autoridades, activistas de derechos civiles y gente en general. Perales impulsó una campaña, que mantuvo durante muchos años, donde a través de publicaciones en periódicos y su programa de radio invitaba a las víctimas y testigos de actos de discriminación a documentar estos casos en forma de cartas y a enviárselas a su despacho de abogados de San Antonio, Texas. Perales resumía estos testimonios en sus columnas periodísticas y programas de radio y los utilizaba como prueba para exigir medidas correctivas y cambios de política al gobierno a todo nivel. En el archivo de Alonso S. Perales se conservan cientos de estas cartas; muchas de ellas escritas a mano provenientes en su mayoría de la clase trabajadora que tenía más probabilidades de sufrir humillaciones y negación de servicios por ser mexicanos o latinos. Como la red de La Prensa y de Perales eran tan amplias, las cartas vinieron no solo desde Texas y del suroeste sino también desde lugares tan al norte como Dakota del Norte y del este como Carolina del Sur y Carolina del Norte. El material es variado y documenta desde barberos que se negaban a cortar el pelo hasta escuelas que no permitían a las familias mexicanas matricular a sus hijos. La colección de correspondencia de Perales es una de las escasas fuentes documentales que datan, localizan y describen con precisión los casos de segregación, violencia y racismo sufridos por los latinos durante un largo periodo de tiempo: se citan nombres, se anotan direcciones y se publicitan presuntos delitos; en la mayoría de los casos, sin embargo, estos actos se cometían con impunidad, pero la historia informal y la conciencia de la raza los registraban. Y ahora, los investigadores de la posteridad pueden estudiarlos y hacer referencia a ellos al escribir una historia más verdadera de Estados Unidos, y las comunidades pueden tomar conciencia de estos actos al momento de elaborar leyes y políticas. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context pera0454 Title A name given to the resource To Lic. Alonso S. Perales, From Martha M. Gonzales, November 14, 1949 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1949-11-14 Subject The topic of the resource Letters Perales, Alonso S., 1898-1960 Discrimination against Mexican Americans Mexican Americans--Segregation Segregation in education Description An account of the resource Letter from Marta Gonzales to Alonso S. Perales regarding the discrimination and segregation her daughters have faced in school for being of Mexican descent. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Gonzales, Marta M. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Alonso S. Perales Collection: General Correspondence, c. 1920-1960. Relation A related resource Arte Público Hispanic Historical Collection: Series 2 To Lic. Alonso S. Perales, From [Marta M.] Gonzales, July 12, 1949 Language A language of the resource Spanish Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Cuero (Text.) Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource JPG Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Items in this collection may be under copyright. Please contact apprec@central.uh.edu for more information. Cartas Discriminación contra los mexicoamericanos Mexicanoamericanos--Segregación Mexicanoamericanos--Segregación en la educación Perales, Alonso S., 1898-1960 http://usldhrecovery.uh.edu/files/original/33/4853/pera0435_page-0001.jpg 3468b4d66bbb014d54860da756da9207 http://usldhrecovery.uh.edu/files/original/33/4853/pera0435_page-0002.jpg 7dd46fde29b306c9dd831cc50e6cbe36 http://usldhrecovery.uh.edu/files/original/33/4853/pera0435_page-0003.jpg 80582040a30decd548cd20243d47e8ef http://usldhrecovery.uh.edu/files/original/33/4853/pera0435_page-0004.jpg b929ffc4ec4315e72e521b5361208f07 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Documenting Discrimination: Alonso S. Perales Correspondence (1927-1952) Subject The topic of the resource Letters Perales, Alonso S., 1898-1960 Discrimination against Mexican Americans Discrimination in employment Race discrimination--public establishments Race discrimination--restaurants; Segregation in education Discrimination in housing Race discrimination in medical care Veteran Police brutality Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Alonso S. Perales Collection: General Correspondence, c. 1920-1960. University of Houston Libraries Special Collections. EBSCO Arte Público Hispanic Historical Collection: Series 2. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1927-1952 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Perales, Alonso S. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Content compilation of The Latino/Hispanic American Experience Leaders, Writers and Thinkers copyright 2012 by Arte Público Historical Collections. All rights reserved. Relation A related resource <a href="https://usldhrecovery.uh.edu/collections/show/1">Alonso S. Perales Collection</a> Arte Público Hispanic Historical Collection: Series 2 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource JPG Language A language of the resource Spanish Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context pera0000 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Texas Description An account of the resource Alonso S. Perales, one of the greatest Latino civil rights leaders ever, was one of the first Latino public intellectuals to master the use of the media in pioneering efforts to track and report on discrimination. Over the course of forty years of activism, during the 1920s to 1960, Perales wrote a weekly column in San Antonio’s La Prensa newspaper, the periodical with the greatest and most extensive circulation; had a radio program; published books; and maintained an unheard of level of correspondence, writing daily as many as ten letters to the authorities, civil rights activists and just everyday folk. One campaign he maintained over many years was his use of the periodicals and radio program to invite victims and witnesses of discrimination to document the cases in letter form and send them to him at his San Antonio law office. He would abstract these testimonies in his newspaper columns and radio programs and use them as evidence to demand corrective action and policy changes from government at every level. In the Alonso S. Perales archive hundreds of these letters have been preserved; many of them were written by hand by working-class people who were most likely to suffer the indignities and denial of services because they were Mexicans or Latinos. Because La Prensa and Perales’ network was so broad, the letters came not only from throughout Texas and the Southwest but from as far north as North Dakota and east as the Carolinas. The record is diverse in documenting everything from barbers refusing to cut hair to schools that would not allow Mexican families to register their children. The Perales collection of correspondence is one of the very few documentary sources that precisely date, locate and describe the instances of segregation, violence and racism experienced by Latinos over a long period of time: names are named, addresses noted and alleged crimes publicized; in most cases, however, these acts were committed with impunity, but the informal history and conscience of la raza was recording them. And now, the researchers of posterity can study and reference them in writing a truer history of the United States, and communities can become aware of these acts in developing laws and policy. Alonso S. Perales, uno de los líderes latinos más importantes de derechos civiles, fue uno de los primeros intelectuales públicos en dominar el uso de los medios de comunicación y pionero en dedicar esfuerzos a rastrear y denunciar instancias de discriminación. A lo largo de cuarenta años de activismo, durante las décadas de 1920 hasta 1960, Perales escribió columnas semanales en el periódico La Prensa de San Antonio, el diario con la mayor y más extensa circulación de ese período; además tuvo un programa de radio; publicó libros; y mantuvo una extensa correspondencia, escribiendo hasta diez cartas diarias dirigidas a autoridades, activistas de derechos civiles y gente en general. Perales impulsó una campaña, que mantuvo durante muchos años, donde a través de publicaciones en periódicos y su programa de radio invitaba a las víctimas y testigos de actos de discriminación a documentar estos casos en forma de cartas y a enviárselas a su despacho de abogados de San Antonio, Texas. Perales resumía estos testimonios en sus columnas periodísticas y programas de radio y los utilizaba como prueba para exigir medidas correctivas y cambios de política al gobierno a todo nivel. En el archivo de Alonso S. Perales se conservan cientos de estas cartas; muchas de ellas escritas a mano provenientes en su mayoría de la clase trabajadora que tenía más probabilidades de sufrir humillaciones y negación de servicios por ser mexicanos o latinos. Como la red de La Prensa y de Perales eran tan amplias, las cartas vinieron no solo desde Texas y del suroeste sino también desde lugares tan al norte como Dakota del Norte y del este como Carolina del Sur y Carolina del Norte. El material es variado y documenta desde barberos que se negaban a cortar el pelo hasta escuelas que no permitían a las familias mexicanas matricular a sus hijos. La colección de correspondencia de Perales es una de las escasas fuentes documentales que datan, localizan y describen con precisión los casos de segregación, violencia y racismo sufridos por los latinos durante un largo periodo de tiempo: se citan nombres, se anotan direcciones y se publicitan presuntos delitos; en la mayoría de los casos, sin embargo, estos actos se cometían con impunidad, pero la historia informal y la conciencia de la raza los registraban. Y ahora, los investigadores de la posteridad pueden estudiarlos y hacer referencia a ellos al escribir una historia más verdadera de Estados Unidos, y las comunidades pueden tomar conciencia de estos actos al momento de elaborar leyes y políticas. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context pera0435 Title A name given to the resource To Lic. Alonso S. Perales, From Stilano Bernal Herrera, La Mesa, Texas, December 26, 1949 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1949-12-26 Subject The topic of the resource Letters Perales, Alonso S., 1898-1960 Discrimination against Mexican Americans Race discrimination--public establishments Race discrimination--restaurants Police brutality Description An account of the resource Letter from Stilano Bernal Herrera to Alonso S. Perales regarding an instance of discrimination in which he was refused service at City Cafe, Loma Linda Cafe, and later arrested and assaulted by a police officer after he exited a coffee shop with an Anglo American. Bernal seeks Perales' assistance in retreiving his belongings, which were kept by the police. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Bernal Herrera, Stilano Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Alonso S. Perales Collection: General Correspondence, c. 1920-1960. Relation A related resource Arte Público Hispanic Historical Collection: Series 2 Language A language of the resource Spanish Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Sterling City (Tex.) San Angelo (Tex.) Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource JPG Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Items in this collection may be under copyright. Please contact apprec@central.uh.edu for more information. Cartas Corrupción policiaca Discriminación contra mexicoamericanos Discriminación racial--establecimientos públicos Discriminación racial--restaurantes Perales, Alonso S., 1898-1960 http://usldhrecovery.uh.edu/files/original/1/285/pera0017.jpg 73a93e4ad871bb8843e0e48bed0f0855 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Alonso S. Perales Collection Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Alonso S. Perales Papers Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Arte Público Press/Recovering the US Hispanic Literary Heritage Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Arte Público Press Language A language of the resource Spanish English Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Perales, Alonso S. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource JPEG Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Photograph Subject The topic of the resource PERALES, Alonso S., 1898-1960 LEAGUE of United Latin American Citizens CIVIC participation: working for civil rights MEXICAN Americans LATINO Americans ACTIVISTS RACE discrimination Relation A related resource Alonso S. Perales Papers, University of Houston Libraries Special Collections EBSCO Arte Público Hispanic Historical Collection: Series 2 Description An account of the resource Alonso S. Perales (1898-1960) was a lawyer, statesman, diplomat, author, writer, speaker. His collection is held at the University of Houston's Special Collections. A sampling of his photographs, letters, and documents are included here. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Perales, Alonso S. Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource To Lic. Alonzo [Alonso] S. Perales, From Octavio R. Garcia, Julio 23, 1939 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Garcia, Octavio R. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Alonso S. Perales Papers: General Correspondence, c. 1920-1960. G, 048-048. 1p. University of Houston Libraries Special Collections EBSCO Arte Público Hispanic Historical Collection: Series 2 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1939-07-23 Relation A related resource To Sr. Octavio R. Garcia, from [Alonso S. Perales], Agosto 25 de 1939 To Lic. Alonzo [Alonso] S. Perales, From Octavio R. Garcia, Julio 30, 1939 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource JPEG Language A language of the resource Spanish Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context pera0017 Description An account of the resource Letter from Octavio R. Garcia to Alonso S. Perales, which provides information about the poor conditions of the Navarro school. Despite promises made to the P.T.A. by the school board regarding improving the school's conditions, the author is told that little would be done to address the P.T.A.'s concerns for the Mexican American school. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant LOCKHART (Tex.) SAN Antonio (Tex.) Subject The topic of the resource LETTERS HISPANIC Americans--education DISCRIMINATION DISCRIMINATION against Mexican Americans DISCRIMINATION in education PERALES, Alonso S., 1898-1960 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Items in this collection may be under copyright. Please contact apprec@central.uh.edu for more information. Scripto Transcription A written representation of a document. Octavio R. García P.O. Box 653 Lockhart, Texas, Julio 23, 1939 Lic. Alonzo [Alonso] S. [illegible: Pe]rales [Perales] 1015 Howard St. San Antonio, Texas Muy estimado Sr: En atención a la muy atenta carta que Ud. nos escribió el día 5 de Julio, de este año. Y la cual cotesté el día 6, mandándole los informes que Ud. deseaba; y, en vista de que Ud. aún no ha contestado hasta esta fecha. Me tomo la libertad de escribirle otra ves, tomando en consideración que quizá nuestra carta se haya extraviado, por el motivo de que la rotulé con la dirección de su oficinal en el Gunter Bldg. En esta carta le mando los informes que Ud. pediía; asi también nuestras más expresivas gracias por sus bondadosas palabras de aliento y amistad con las que Ud. nos honra en su atenta Carta. El día 9 de Junio, el Sr. Patrick E. King, uno de los miembros del Cosejo [Consejo] Escolar, me escribió una carta; diciendo que deseaba hablar conmigo acerca de la situacioón escolar. El día 12 de Junio, sostuve una entrevista con él y los Srs. J.E. Connolly, miembro del Consejo, y R.L. Williams, Superintendente del distrito escolar. Discutiendo los diferentes aspectos de las malas condiciones escolares de la escuela "NAVARRO"; diciendo ellos que el Consejo Escolar había acordado hacer un edificio nuevo y moderno para la niñes [niñez] México-Americana de la escuela "NAVARRO", tan pronto como obtuvieran un préstamo de la P.W.A. del Govierno [Gobierno] Federal. Pero, como era casi seguro que este proyecto no podía ser terminado en este año, prometiían añadir dos cuartos mas a la escuela. Prometiendo que estas mejoras serían de caracter temporal, mientras se costruía [construía] el nuevo edificio. El día 13 de Junio, el Sr. Juan M. Rios y yo, fuimos a la oficina del St. King, con el objeto de cerrar el trato, advirtiéndole que la P.T.A. que nosotros representabamos deseaba que el Consejo Escolar nos diera por escrito su promesa. El Sr. King, preguntándole si el Consejo Escolar había resulto algo sobre el asunto. Contestando el Sr. King, que el consejo se negaba a firmar, y que ellos todo lo que podían hacer, sería agregar dos cuartos y dos maestros, y no les importaba lo que pensara la P.T.A. de la escuela "NAVARRO" de las condictiones sanitarias de la escuela. Creemos Sr. Perales, que Ud. comprenderá que con esta clase de personas es imposible tener ningun arreglo, pues se consideran demasiado superiores a sus conciudadanos de origen México-Americano. Así es que mucho le agradeceríamos el que nos indicara Ud. la mejor manera de arreglar este importante asunto. Su muy atto. y S.S., [signed] Octavio R. García Cartas Discriminación Discriminación contra mexicoamericanos Discriminación en la educación Garcia, Octavio R. Hispanoamericanos -- Educación Perales, Alonso S. http://usldhrecovery.uh.edu/files/original/33/4913/pera0500_page-0001.jpg f48307e4800e66cb3efee06a2d3ffc4f Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Documenting Discrimination: Alonso S. Perales Correspondence (1927-1952) Subject The topic of the resource Letters Perales, Alonso S., 1898-1960 Discrimination against Mexican Americans Discrimination in employment Race discrimination--public establishments Race discrimination--restaurants; Segregation in education Discrimination in housing Race discrimination in medical care Veteran Police brutality Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Alonso S. Perales Collection: General Correspondence, c. 1920-1960. University of Houston Libraries Special Collections. EBSCO Arte Público Hispanic Historical Collection: Series 2. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1927-1952 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Perales, Alonso S. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Content compilation of The Latino/Hispanic American Experience Leaders, Writers and Thinkers copyright 2012 by Arte Público Historical Collections. All rights reserved. Relation A related resource <a href="https://usldhrecovery.uh.edu/collections/show/1">Alonso S. Perales Collection</a> Arte Público Hispanic Historical Collection: Series 2 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource JPG Language A language of the resource Spanish Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context pera0000 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Texas Description An account of the resource Alonso S. Perales, one of the greatest Latino civil rights leaders ever, was one of the first Latino public intellectuals to master the use of the media in pioneering efforts to track and report on discrimination. Over the course of forty years of activism, during the 1920s to 1960, Perales wrote a weekly column in San Antonio’s La Prensa newspaper, the periodical with the greatest and most extensive circulation; had a radio program; published books; and maintained an unheard of level of correspondence, writing daily as many as ten letters to the authorities, civil rights activists and just everyday folk. One campaign he maintained over many years was his use of the periodicals and radio program to invite victims and witnesses of discrimination to document the cases in letter form and send them to him at his San Antonio law office. He would abstract these testimonies in his newspaper columns and radio programs and use them as evidence to demand corrective action and policy changes from government at every level. In the Alonso S. Perales archive hundreds of these letters have been preserved; many of them were written by hand by working-class people who were most likely to suffer the indignities and denial of services because they were Mexicans or Latinos. Because La Prensa and Perales’ network was so broad, the letters came not only from throughout Texas and the Southwest but from as far north as North Dakota and east as the Carolinas. The record is diverse in documenting everything from barbers refusing to cut hair to schools that would not allow Mexican families to register their children. The Perales collection of correspondence is one of the very few documentary sources that precisely date, locate and describe the instances of segregation, violence and racism experienced by Latinos over a long period of time: names are named, addresses noted and alleged crimes publicized; in most cases, however, these acts were committed with impunity, but the informal history and conscience of la raza was recording them. And now, the researchers of posterity can study and reference them in writing a truer history of the United States, and communities can become aware of these acts in developing laws and policy. Alonso S. Perales, uno de los líderes latinos más importantes de derechos civiles, fue uno de los primeros intelectuales públicos en dominar el uso de los medios de comunicación y pionero en dedicar esfuerzos a rastrear y denunciar instancias de discriminación. A lo largo de cuarenta años de activismo, durante las décadas de 1920 hasta 1960, Perales escribió columnas semanales en el periódico La Prensa de San Antonio, el diario con la mayor y más extensa circulación de ese período; además tuvo un programa de radio; publicó libros; y mantuvo una extensa correspondencia, escribiendo hasta diez cartas diarias dirigidas a autoridades, activistas de derechos civiles y gente en general. Perales impulsó una campaña, que mantuvo durante muchos años, donde a través de publicaciones en periódicos y su programa de radio invitaba a las víctimas y testigos de actos de discriminación a documentar estos casos en forma de cartas y a enviárselas a su despacho de abogados de San Antonio, Texas. Perales resumía estos testimonios en sus columnas periodísticas y programas de radio y los utilizaba como prueba para exigir medidas correctivas y cambios de política al gobierno a todo nivel. En el archivo de Alonso S. Perales se conservan cientos de estas cartas; muchas de ellas escritas a mano provenientes en su mayoría de la clase trabajadora que tenía más probabilidades de sufrir humillaciones y negación de servicios por ser mexicanos o latinos. Como la red de La Prensa y de Perales eran tan amplias, las cartas vinieron no solo desde Texas y del suroeste sino también desde lugares tan al norte como Dakota del Norte y del este como Carolina del Sur y Carolina del Norte. El material es variado y documenta desde barberos que se negaban a cortar el pelo hasta escuelas que no permitían a las familias mexicanas matricular a sus hijos. La colección de correspondencia de Perales es una de las escasas fuentes documentales que datan, localizan y describen con precisión los casos de segregación, violencia y racismo sufridos por los latinos durante un largo periodo de tiempo: se citan nombres, se anotan direcciones y se publicitan presuntos delitos; en la mayoría de los casos, sin embargo, estos actos se cometían con impunidad, pero la historia informal y la conciencia de la raza los registraban. Y ahora, los investigadores de la posteridad pueden estudiarlos y hacer referencia a ellos al escribir una historia más verdadera de Estados Unidos, y las comunidades pueden tomar conciencia de estos actos al momento de elaborar leyes y políticas. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context pera0500 Title A name given to the resource To Lic. Alonzo [Alonso] S. Perales, From Octavio R. García, Julio 23, 1939 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1939-07-23 Subject The topic of the resource Letters Perales, Alonso S., 1898-1960 Discrimination against Mexican Americans Race discrimination--public establishments Race discrimination--restaurants Mexican Americans--Segregation Segregation in education Description An account of the resource Letter from Octavio R. Garcia to Alonso S. Perales regarding the unsanitary conditions in a public school designated for Mexican-American children and the school board members' refusal to fulfill their promises to give them a new building and other accomodations. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Garcia, Octavio R. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Alonso S. Perales Collection: General Correspondence, c. 1920-1960. Relation A related resource Arte Público Hispanic Historical Collection: Series 2 "To Lic. Alonzo S. Perales, From Octavio R. García, Julio 23, 1939.", Alonso S. Perales Collection: General Correspondence, c. 1920-1960. August 5, 1927. 48—48. http://ezproxy.lib.uh.edu/login?url=https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=h6b& AN=76485836&site=ehost-live&ppid=divp48&lpid=divl2 "To Sr. Octavio R. García, From [Unknown], Agosto 25 de 1939.", Alonso S. Perales Collection: General Correspondence, c. 1920-1960. August 5, 1927. 55—55. http://ezproxy.lib.uh.edu/login?url=https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=h6b& AN=76485778&site=ehost-live&ppid=divp55&lpid=divl3 Language A language of the resource Spanish Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Lockhart (Tex.) Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource JPG Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Items in this collection may be under copyright. Please contact apprec@central.uh.edu for more information. Cartas Discriminación contra los mexicoamericanos Discriminación racial--establecimientos públicos Discriminación racial--restaurantes Mexicanoamericanos--Segregación Perales, Alonso S., 1898-1960 Segregación en la educación http://usldhrecovery.uh.edu/files/original/1/286/pera0018.jpg 68f0706a3381016fa02c781ccff85821 http://usldhrecovery.uh.edu/files/original/1/286/pera0018_001.jpg d4905abd677af511251888103929a5b4 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Alonso S. Perales Collection Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Alonso S. Perales Papers Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Arte Público Press/Recovering the US Hispanic Literary Heritage Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Arte Público Press Language A language of the resource Spanish English Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Perales, Alonso S. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource JPEG Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Photograph Subject The topic of the resource PERALES, Alonso S., 1898-1960 LEAGUE of United Latin American Citizens CIVIC participation: working for civil rights MEXICAN Americans LATINO Americans ACTIVISTS RACE discrimination Relation A related resource Alonso S. Perales Papers, University of Houston Libraries Special Collections EBSCO Arte Público Hispanic Historical Collection: Series 2 Description An account of the resource Alonso S. Perales (1898-1960) was a lawyer, statesman, diplomat, author, writer, speaker. His collection is held at the University of Houston's Special Collections. A sampling of his photographs, letters, and documents are included here. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Perales, Alonso S. Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource To Lic. Alonzo [Alonso] S. Perales, From Octavio R. Garcia, Julio 30, 1939 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Garcia, Octavio R. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Alonso S. Perales Papers: General Correspondence, c. 1920-1960. G, 049-050. 1p. University of Houston Libraries Special Collections EBSCO Arte Público Hispanic Historical Collection: Series 2 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1939-07-30 Relation A related resource To Sr. Octavio R. Garcia, from [Alonso S. Perales], Agosto 25 de 1939. To Lic. Alonzo [Alonso] S. Perales, From Octavio R. Garcia, Julio 23, 1939. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource JPEG Language A language of the resource Spanish Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context pera0018 Subject The topic of the resource LETTERS HISPANIC Americans--education MEXICAN Americans DISCRIMINATION in education DISCRIMINATION against Mexican Americans PERALES, Alonso S., 1898-1960 Description An account of the resource A repeat letter from Octavio R. Garcia to Alonso S. Perales, which provides information about the poor conditions of the Navarro school. Despite promises made to the P.T.A. by the school board regarding improving the school's conditions, the author is told that little would be done to address the P.T.A.'s concerns for the Mexican American school. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant LOCKHART (Tex.) SAN Antonio (Tex.) Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Items in this collection may be under copyright. Please contact apprec@central.uh.edu for more information. Scripto Transcription A written representation of a document. [handwritten in pencil: [with 7-23-1939 (1)]] Octavio R. Garciía, P.O. Box 653 Lockhart, Texas, Julio 30, 1939. Lic. Alonzo [Alonso] S. Perales, 1015 Howard St. San Antonio, Texas Muy estimado St: le escribo la presente, con el objeto de hacerle saber a Ud. muy atentamente; que , habiéndo recibido su muy atenta carta de fecha 5 de Julio, de este año. La que contesté el día 6, incluyendo los informes que Ud. deseaba; y, que, no habiéndo recivido ninguna respuesta de parte de Ud.. El día 23, le escribí una carta dándole los informes que Ud. pedía, así como nuestra aseguranza de que quizá por el motivo de que nuestra carta de fecha 6, se hubiese extraviado por la razón que iba dirijída [dirigida] a su oficina en el Gunter Bldg. Ahora al no haber recibido contestación a ninguna de nuestras dos cartas, lo único que podemos suponer es, que alguna persona ó algunas personas mal intencionadas de esta ciudad, hayan interseptado ó destruído esas cartas que iban como la primera que le mandamos a Ud. debidamente rotuladas, y con el correspondiente retorno. En las anteriores cartas así como en esta; además de mandarle a Ud. los informes que pedía, le damos nuestras más expresivas gracias por sus bondadosas palabras de aliento y amistád con las que Ud. nos honra en su muy atenta carta. El día 9 de Junio, el Sr. Patrick E. King, uno de los miembros del Consejo Escolar, me escribió una carta diciendo que deseaba hablar conmigo acerca de la situación escolar. El día 12 de Junio, sostuvo una entrevista con él los Sres. J.E. Connolly, miembro del Consejo Escolar, y R.L. Williams, Superintendente del distrito escolar. Discutiendo los diferente aspectos de las malas condisiones escolares de la escuela "NAVARRO", y diciendo ellos que el Consejo Escolar había acordado construir un edificio nuevo y moderno para la niñes [niñez] México-Americana de esa escuela tan pronto como obtuvieran un préstamo de la P.W.A. del Gobierno Federal. Pero, como era casi seguro que este proyecto no podía ser terminado en este año, prometían añadir dos cuartos mas a la escuela; asignar dos maestros mas y poner un "janitor" en la escuela. Prometiendo que estas mejoras serían de carácter temporal, mientras se construía el nuevo edificio. El día 13 de Junio, el Sr. Juan M Rios y yo, fuimos a la oficina del Sr. King, con el objeto de cerrar el trato, advirtiéndole que la P.T.A. que nosotros representabamos, deseaba que el Consejo Escolar nos diese por escrito su promesa. El Sr. King, nos prometió que nos daría la respuesta en unos cuantos días. [page 2] [handwritten in pencil: [with 7-23-1939 (2)]] El día 19 de Junio, me presenté en la oficina del Sr. King, preguntándole si el Consejo Escolar había resuelto algo sobre el asunto. Contestando el Sr. King, que el Consejo se negaba a firmar, y que ellos todo lo que podían hacer sería agregar dos cuartos y dos maestros, y no les importaba lo que pensara la P.T.A. de la escuela "NAVARRO" de las condiciones sanitarias de la Escuela. Creémos Sr. Perales, que Ud. comprenderá que con esta clase de personas es imposible tener ninjun arreglo: pues se consideran demasiado superiores a sus conciudadanos de origen México-Americano. Así es que mucho le agradeceríamos el que nos indicara Ud. la mejor manera de arreglar este importánte asunto. Su muy Atto. y S.S. [signed] Octavio R. García Cartas Discriminación contra mexicoamericanos Discriminación en la educación Garcia, Octavio R. Hispanoamericanos -- Educación Mexicoamericanos Perales, Alonso S. http://usldhrecovery.uh.edu/files/original/33/4897/pera0483_page-0001.jpg 28c30daf4cc50bd58f18c4141a89e10d Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Documenting Discrimination: Alonso S. Perales Correspondence (1927-1952) Subject The topic of the resource Letters Perales, Alonso S., 1898-1960 Discrimination against Mexican Americans Discrimination in employment Race discrimination--public establishments Race discrimination--restaurants; Segregation in education Discrimination in housing Race discrimination in medical care Veteran Police brutality Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Alonso S. Perales Collection: General Correspondence, c. 1920-1960. University of Houston Libraries Special Collections. EBSCO Arte Público Hispanic Historical Collection: Series 2. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1927-1952 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Perales, Alonso S. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Content compilation of The Latino/Hispanic American Experience Leaders, Writers and Thinkers copyright 2012 by Arte Público Historical Collections. All rights reserved. Relation A related resource <a href="https://usldhrecovery.uh.edu/collections/show/1">Alonso S. Perales Collection</a> Arte Público Hispanic Historical Collection: Series 2 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource JPG Language A language of the resource Spanish Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context pera0000 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Texas Description An account of the resource Alonso S. Perales, one of the greatest Latino civil rights leaders ever, was one of the first Latino public intellectuals to master the use of the media in pioneering efforts to track and report on discrimination. Over the course of forty years of activism, during the 1920s to 1960, Perales wrote a weekly column in San Antonio’s La Prensa newspaper, the periodical with the greatest and most extensive circulation; had a radio program; published books; and maintained an unheard of level of correspondence, writing daily as many as ten letters to the authorities, civil rights activists and just everyday folk. One campaign he maintained over many years was his use of the periodicals and radio program to invite victims and witnesses of discrimination to document the cases in letter form and send them to him at his San Antonio law office. He would abstract these testimonies in his newspaper columns and radio programs and use them as evidence to demand corrective action and policy changes from government at every level. In the Alonso S. Perales archive hundreds of these letters have been preserved; many of them were written by hand by working-class people who were most likely to suffer the indignities and denial of services because they were Mexicans or Latinos. Because La Prensa and Perales’ network was so broad, the letters came not only from throughout Texas and the Southwest but from as far north as North Dakota and east as the Carolinas. The record is diverse in documenting everything from barbers refusing to cut hair to schools that would not allow Mexican families to register their children. The Perales collection of correspondence is one of the very few documentary sources that precisely date, locate and describe the instances of segregation, violence and racism experienced by Latinos over a long period of time: names are named, addresses noted and alleged crimes publicized; in most cases, however, these acts were committed with impunity, but the informal history and conscience of la raza was recording them. And now, the researchers of posterity can study and reference them in writing a truer history of the United States, and communities can become aware of these acts in developing laws and policy. Alonso S. Perales, uno de los líderes latinos más importantes de derechos civiles, fue uno de los primeros intelectuales públicos en dominar el uso de los medios de comunicación y pionero en dedicar esfuerzos a rastrear y denunciar instancias de discriminación. A lo largo de cuarenta años de activismo, durante las décadas de 1920 hasta 1960, Perales escribió columnas semanales en el periódico La Prensa de San Antonio, el diario con la mayor y más extensa circulación de ese período; además tuvo un programa de radio; publicó libros; y mantuvo una extensa correspondencia, escribiendo hasta diez cartas diarias dirigidas a autoridades, activistas de derechos civiles y gente en general. Perales impulsó una campaña, que mantuvo durante muchos años, donde a través de publicaciones en periódicos y su programa de radio invitaba a las víctimas y testigos de actos de discriminación a documentar estos casos en forma de cartas y a enviárselas a su despacho de abogados de San Antonio, Texas. Perales resumía estos testimonios en sus columnas periodísticas y programas de radio y los utilizaba como prueba para exigir medidas correctivas y cambios de política al gobierno a todo nivel. En el archivo de Alonso S. Perales se conservan cientos de estas cartas; muchas de ellas escritas a mano provenientes en su mayoría de la clase trabajadora que tenía más probabilidades de sufrir humillaciones y negación de servicios por ser mexicanos o latinos. Como la red de La Prensa y de Perales eran tan amplias, las cartas vinieron no solo desde Texas y del suroeste sino también desde lugares tan al norte como Dakota del Norte y del este como Carolina del Sur y Carolina del Norte. El material es variado y documenta desde barberos que se negaban a cortar el pelo hasta escuelas que no permitían a las familias mexicanas matricular a sus hijos. La colección de correspondencia de Perales es una de las escasas fuentes documentales que datan, localizan y describen con precisión los casos de segregación, violencia y racismo sufridos por los latinos durante un largo periodo de tiempo: se citan nombres, se anotan direcciones y se publicitan presuntos delitos; en la mayoría de los casos, sin embargo, estos actos se cometían con impunidad, pero la historia informal y la conciencia de la raza los registraban. Y ahora, los investigadores de la posteridad pueden estudiarlos y hacer referencia a ellos al escribir una historia más verdadera de Estados Unidos, y las comunidades pueden tomar conciencia de estos actos al momento de elaborar leyes y políticas. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context pera0483 Title A name given to the resource To Lic. Alonzo Perales, From David M. Ortiz, November 14, 1946 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1946-11-14 Subject The topic of the resource Letters Perales, Alonso S., 1898-1960 Discrimination against Mexican Americans Race discrimination--public establishments Race discrimination--restaurants Veterans Description An account of the resource Letter from David M. Ortiz to Alonso S. Perales regarding an incident of discrimination in which veterans of Mexican descent were refused service at Grill No.7 Cafe because of their race. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Ortiz, David M. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Alonso S. Perales Collection: General Correspondence, c. 1920-1960. Relation A related resource Arte Público Hispanic Historical Collection: Series 2 "To Sr. David M. Ortiz, From [Unknown] Noviembre 27 de 1946." Alonso S. Perales Collection: General Correspondence, c. 1920-1960. Miller, Grace Ann.March 21, 1927. Page: 152 http://ezproxy.lib.uh.edu/login?url=https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=h6b& AN=76142758&site=ehost-live&ppid=divp152 Language A language of the resource Spanish Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Uvalde (Tex.) Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource JPG Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Items in this collection may be under copyright. Please contact apprec@central.uh.edu for more information. Cartas Discriminación contra los mexicoamericanos Discriminación racial--establecimientos públicos Discriminación racial--restaurantes Perales, Alonso S., 1898-1960 Veterano