161 10 1713 http://usldhrecovery.uh.edu/files/original/1/284/pera0016.jpg 0fd5a3cb914f7e7374d6c908105ab6b1 http://usldhrecovery.uh.edu/files/original/1/284/pera0016_001.jpg 136ee143fc501292262666b94130b370 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Alonso S. Perales Collection Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Alonso S. Perales Papers Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Arte Público Press/Recovering the US Hispanic Literary Heritage Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Arte Público Press Language A language of the resource Spanish English Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Perales, Alonso S. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource JPEG Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Photograph Subject The topic of the resource PERALES, Alonso S., 1898-1960 LEAGUE of United Latin American Citizens CIVIC participation: working for civil rights MEXICAN Americans LATINO Americans ACTIVISTS RACE discrimination Relation A related resource Alonso S. Perales Papers, University of Houston Libraries Special Collections EBSCO Arte Público Hispanic Historical Collection: Series 2 Description An account of the resource Alonso S. Perales (1898-1960) was a lawyer, statesman, diplomat, author, writer, speaker. His collection is held at the University of Houston's Special Collections. A sampling of his photographs, letters, and documents are included here. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Perales, Alonso S. Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource To Sr. Lic A. L. Perales, From Fernando Riojas Garcia, Junio 2, 1945 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Alonso S. Perales Papers: General Correspondence, c. 1920-1960. G, 038-039. 2p. University of Houston Libraries Special Collections EBSCO Arte Público Hispanic Historical Collection: Series 2 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1945-06-02 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource JPEG Language A language of the resource Spanish Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context pera0016 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Riojas Garcia, Fernando Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant SAN Antonio (Tex.) Subject The topic of the resource LETTERS DISCRIMINATION DISCRIMINATION against Latin Americans DISCRIMINATION against Mexican Americans ETHNIC discrimination HISPANIC Americans LATINO Americans LEAGUE of United Latin American Citizens PERALES, Alonso S., 1898-1960 Description An account of the resource Letter from Fernando Riojas García to Alonso S. Perales regarding the defeat of anti-discriminatory state bill proposed by Senator J. Franklin Spears and the need to focus on an alliance of Latinos. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Items in this collection may be under copyright. Please contact apprec@central.uh.edu for more information. Scripto Transcription A written representation of a document. [underlined] DISCRIMINATION San Antonio Tex. Junio 2-1945 Sr. Lic. A.L. Perales 843 Stewart Hotels San Francisco Col. Muy Estimado Sr. y Amigo: Es con motivo del fracaso del proyecto de Ley Spears, que me permito participarle de algunas consideraciones con tendencia a fortalecer su vigor en esta contienda, a fin de que prosiga su labor, en la demanda por lograr que se establezcan las prácticas justas de sentes y humanos, sobrelos [sobre los] cuales debe en cansarse el Nuevo Orden, y fundamentarse los Cuatro o mas Libertades que se han [illegible: ocuido] invocando, y con las que se logró unificar el criterio de América toda y al fin, vencidos los [illegible: conculcodores] y enemigos de los mismos libertados [liberados]. Pronto en EEUU[illegible] al contrincante tero de los ojos oblicuos , enemigo No. 2: de la PAZ Y CONCORDIA; y el enemigo No. 3 que ya satura el ambiente que Uds respiran en osa congregación; ¿–acabará por en-rrarecer [enrarecer] esa admosfera [atmósfera] envenenaudo [envenenado] la personalidad fra-terna [fraterna] consiguiendo que se disuelva sin fundamentar nada? tal parece que así puede sucedér [suceder]; pues ni al Soviet ni la per-fida [perfida] Albión, les con viene [conviene] adentro de mucho y, de seguro evadiran compromisos para el porvenir. Presumiendo que por éstas o aquellas razones, las Naciones en esa congrega-das [congregadas] no elavoren [elaboren] el Código propuesto, y no engendren el super-gobierno que deba regir el futuro del Mundo; la so-lidaridad [solidaridad] de America si debe quedar consolidada y, la voz de ésta, por conducto de Ud y el Sr. Padilla, debe producir sus versos de admonicion y de Combate; de Con-denación [condenación] para los que re suelten convictos de felonía por dilatar, entorpecer y tal vez frustrar, la realización y ejecución de los mandamientos que [illegible: cansioio] la mente del gran Rosevelt [Roosevelt]. [page 2] Sr. L. AS. Perales #2 { 6/2/45 Ya Ud. ve, con motivo del proyecto Spears de Ley anti-discriminatoria , como a medida que se consigue irangiqui-lando [ir aniquilando] al enemigo de las libertades, es está fortalesiendo [fortaleciendo] el enemi-go [enemigo] del Derecho individual, <diriamos Latino-Americano> En fin, si se propone al fin del principio para el cual, todos los Representatntes fuern congregados; todo se habra perdido: (de todo corazón desearía equivocarme): de la misma manera, desearia que Uds dejaran alguna constancia y de que, con motivo de haber sido desechado el proyecto de Ley Spears; Uds pronunciaran su veredicto de inconformidad en alguna ma-nera [manera, y, en desagravio y á nombre de todos los desapareci-dos [desaparecidos] de origen Latino que han quedado a la vera, del Sende-ro [Sendero] que les indicó el Deber: debemos de hacer algo, y si has-ta [hasta] se nos murió el MOISES que nos pudo haver condu-cido [conducido] a la tierra prometida; si en San Francisco California no se puede encontrar la fórmula para vivir en paz y Con-cordia [Concordia], y, si finalmente no se logra considerarse Ciudadano del Mundo, si los prejuicios estan por recibir respaldo oficial y, al Hispano-Americano no se le acredita ciento por ciento C. de E.E.UU. entonces, .......... concentremosnos en el ideal de, Confederacion Latino-Americana y, esforemosnos por su realizacion. Lo saluda y desea por pronto su Atto SSS y Amigo [signed] Fernando Riojas García 712 Guadalupe St. San Antonio Tex. Junio 2/ 1945 Cartas Discriminación Discriminación contra Latinos Discriminación contra mexicoamericanos Discriminación étnica Hispanoamericanos L.U.L.A.C. Latinoamericanos Liga de Ciudadanos Latinoamericanos Unida Perales, Alonso S. Roxas Garcia, Fernando http://usldhrecovery.uh.edu/files/original/33/4863/pera0446_page-0001.jpg 1dbdf6559968a4b211f6056e90fe06f4 http://usldhrecovery.uh.edu/files/original/33/4863/pera0446_page-0002.jpg 77ca84c04e9340c19044fdd0f6f59a08 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Documenting Discrimination: Alonso S. Perales Correspondence (1927-1952) Subject The topic of the resource Letters Perales, Alonso S., 1898-1960 Discrimination against Mexican Americans Discrimination in employment Race discrimination--public establishments Race discrimination--restaurants; Segregation in education Discrimination in housing Race discrimination in medical care Veteran Police brutality Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Alonso S. Perales Collection: General Correspondence, c. 1920-1960. University of Houston Libraries Special Collections. EBSCO Arte Público Hispanic Historical Collection: Series 2. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1927-1952 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Perales, Alonso S. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Content compilation of The Latino/Hispanic American Experience Leaders, Writers and Thinkers copyright 2012 by Arte Público Historical Collections. All rights reserved. Relation A related resource <a href="https://usldhrecovery.uh.edu/collections/show/1">Alonso S. Perales Collection</a> Arte Público Hispanic Historical Collection: Series 2 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource JPG Language A language of the resource Spanish Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context pera0000 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Texas Description An account of the resource Alonso S. Perales, one of the greatest Latino civil rights leaders ever, was one of the first Latino public intellectuals to master the use of the media in pioneering efforts to track and report on discrimination. Over the course of forty years of activism, during the 1920s to 1960, Perales wrote a weekly column in San Antonio’s La Prensa newspaper, the periodical with the greatest and most extensive circulation; had a radio program; published books; and maintained an unheard of level of correspondence, writing daily as many as ten letters to the authorities, civil rights activists and just everyday folk. One campaign he maintained over many years was his use of the periodicals and radio program to invite victims and witnesses of discrimination to document the cases in letter form and send them to him at his San Antonio law office. He would abstract these testimonies in his newspaper columns and radio programs and use them as evidence to demand corrective action and policy changes from government at every level. In the Alonso S. Perales archive hundreds of these letters have been preserved; many of them were written by hand by working-class people who were most likely to suffer the indignities and denial of services because they were Mexicans or Latinos. Because La Prensa and Perales’ network was so broad, the letters came not only from throughout Texas and the Southwest but from as far north as North Dakota and east as the Carolinas. The record is diverse in documenting everything from barbers refusing to cut hair to schools that would not allow Mexican families to register their children. The Perales collection of correspondence is one of the very few documentary sources that precisely date, locate and describe the instances of segregation, violence and racism experienced by Latinos over a long period of time: names are named, addresses noted and alleged crimes publicized; in most cases, however, these acts were committed with impunity, but the informal history and conscience of la raza was recording them. And now, the researchers of posterity can study and reference them in writing a truer history of the United States, and communities can become aware of these acts in developing laws and policy. Alonso S. Perales, uno de los líderes latinos más importantes de derechos civiles, fue uno de los primeros intelectuales públicos en dominar el uso de los medios de comunicación y pionero en dedicar esfuerzos a rastrear y denunciar instancias de discriminación. A lo largo de cuarenta años de activismo, durante las décadas de 1920 hasta 1960, Perales escribió columnas semanales en el periódico La Prensa de San Antonio, el diario con la mayor y más extensa circulación de ese período; además tuvo un programa de radio; publicó libros; y mantuvo una extensa correspondencia, escribiendo hasta diez cartas diarias dirigidas a autoridades, activistas de derechos civiles y gente en general. Perales impulsó una campaña, que mantuvo durante muchos años, donde a través de publicaciones en periódicos y su programa de radio invitaba a las víctimas y testigos de actos de discriminación a documentar estos casos en forma de cartas y a enviárselas a su despacho de abogados de San Antonio, Texas. Perales resumía estos testimonios en sus columnas periodísticas y programas de radio y los utilizaba como prueba para exigir medidas correctivas y cambios de política al gobierno a todo nivel. En el archivo de Alonso S. Perales se conservan cientos de estas cartas; muchas de ellas escritas a mano provenientes en su mayoría de la clase trabajadora que tenía más probabilidades de sufrir humillaciones y negación de servicios por ser mexicanos o latinos. Como la red de La Prensa y de Perales eran tan amplias, las cartas vinieron no solo desde Texas y del suroeste sino también desde lugares tan al norte como Dakota del Norte y del este como Carolina del Sur y Carolina del Norte. El material es variado y documenta desde barberos que se negaban a cortar el pelo hasta escuelas que no permitían a las familias mexicanas matricular a sus hijos. La colección de correspondencia de Perales es una de las escasas fuentes documentales que datan, localizan y describen con precisión los casos de segregación, violencia y racismo sufridos por los latinos durante un largo periodo de tiempo: se citan nombres, se anotan direcciones y se publicitan presuntos delitos; en la mayoría de los casos, sin embargo, estos actos se cometían con impunidad, pero la historia informal y la conciencia de la raza los registraban. Y ahora, los investigadores de la posteridad pueden estudiarlos y hacer referencia a ellos al escribir una historia más verdadera de Estados Unidos, y las comunidades pueden tomar conciencia de estos actos al momento de elaborar leyes y políticas. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context pera0446 Title A name given to the resource To Sr. Lic Alonso S. Perales, From Carlos Garcia, 10 October, 1945 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1945-10-10 Subject The topic of the resource Letters Perales, Alonso S., 1898-1960 Discrimination against Mexican Americans Race discrimination--public establishments Race discrimination--restaurants Description An account of the resource Letter from Carlos Garcia to Alonso S. Perales regarding the discrimination and violence his brother, Sargent Macario Garcia, faced at an establishment where he was refused service and received an injury to his hand. The author writes that his brother's lawyer, John J. Herrera, will follow up with him with the details. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Garcia, Carlos Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Alonso S. Perales Collection: General Correspondence, c. 1920-1960. Relation A related resource Arte Público Hispanic Historical Collection: Series 2 To [Unknown], From John J. Herrera, Attorney-at-Law. Language A language of the resource Spanish Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Richmond (Tex.) Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource JPG Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Items in this collection may be under copyright. Please contact apprec@central.uh.edu for more information. Cartas Discriminación contra mexicoamericanos Discriminación racial--establecimientos públicos Discriminación racial--restaurantes Perales, Alonso S., 1898-1960 http://usldhrecovery.uh.edu/files/original/33/4890/pera0475_page-0001.jpg e4f787945047acc8fc82c4fd36289142 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Documenting Discrimination: Alonso S. Perales Correspondence (1927-1952) Subject The topic of the resource Letters Perales, Alonso S., 1898-1960 Discrimination against Mexican Americans Discrimination in employment Race discrimination--public establishments Race discrimination--restaurants; Segregation in education Discrimination in housing Race discrimination in medical care Veteran Police brutality Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Alonso S. Perales Collection: General Correspondence, c. 1920-1960. University of Houston Libraries Special Collections. EBSCO Arte Público Hispanic Historical Collection: Series 2. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1927-1952 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Perales, Alonso S. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Content compilation of The Latino/Hispanic American Experience Leaders, Writers and Thinkers copyright 2012 by Arte Público Historical Collections. All rights reserved. Relation A related resource <a href="https://usldhrecovery.uh.edu/collections/show/1">Alonso S. Perales Collection</a> Arte Público Hispanic Historical Collection: Series 2 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource JPG Language A language of the resource Spanish Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context pera0000 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Texas Description An account of the resource Alonso S. Perales, one of the greatest Latino civil rights leaders ever, was one of the first Latino public intellectuals to master the use of the media in pioneering efforts to track and report on discrimination. Over the course of forty years of activism, during the 1920s to 1960, Perales wrote a weekly column in San Antonio’s La Prensa newspaper, the periodical with the greatest and most extensive circulation; had a radio program; published books; and maintained an unheard of level of correspondence, writing daily as many as ten letters to the authorities, civil rights activists and just everyday folk. One campaign he maintained over many years was his use of the periodicals and radio program to invite victims and witnesses of discrimination to document the cases in letter form and send them to him at his San Antonio law office. He would abstract these testimonies in his newspaper columns and radio programs and use them as evidence to demand corrective action and policy changes from government at every level. In the Alonso S. Perales archive hundreds of these letters have been preserved; many of them were written by hand by working-class people who were most likely to suffer the indignities and denial of services because they were Mexicans or Latinos. Because La Prensa and Perales’ network was so broad, the letters came not only from throughout Texas and the Southwest but from as far north as North Dakota and east as the Carolinas. The record is diverse in documenting everything from barbers refusing to cut hair to schools that would not allow Mexican families to register their children. The Perales collection of correspondence is one of the very few documentary sources that precisely date, locate and describe the instances of segregation, violence and racism experienced by Latinos over a long period of time: names are named, addresses noted and alleged crimes publicized; in most cases, however, these acts were committed with impunity, but the informal history and conscience of la raza was recording them. And now, the researchers of posterity can study and reference them in writing a truer history of the United States, and communities can become aware of these acts in developing laws and policy. Alonso S. Perales, uno de los líderes latinos más importantes de derechos civiles, fue uno de los primeros intelectuales públicos en dominar el uso de los medios de comunicación y pionero en dedicar esfuerzos a rastrear y denunciar instancias de discriminación. A lo largo de cuarenta años de activismo, durante las décadas de 1920 hasta 1960, Perales escribió columnas semanales en el periódico La Prensa de San Antonio, el diario con la mayor y más extensa circulación de ese período; además tuvo un programa de radio; publicó libros; y mantuvo una extensa correspondencia, escribiendo hasta diez cartas diarias dirigidas a autoridades, activistas de derechos civiles y gente en general. Perales impulsó una campaña, que mantuvo durante muchos años, donde a través de publicaciones en periódicos y su programa de radio invitaba a las víctimas y testigos de actos de discriminación a documentar estos casos en forma de cartas y a enviárselas a su despacho de abogados de San Antonio, Texas. Perales resumía estos testimonios en sus columnas periodísticas y programas de radio y los utilizaba como prueba para exigir medidas correctivas y cambios de política al gobierno a todo nivel. En el archivo de Alonso S. Perales se conservan cientos de estas cartas; muchas de ellas escritas a mano provenientes en su mayoría de la clase trabajadora que tenía más probabilidades de sufrir humillaciones y negación de servicios por ser mexicanos o latinos. Como la red de La Prensa y de Perales eran tan amplias, las cartas vinieron no solo desde Texas y del suroeste sino también desde lugares tan al norte como Dakota del Norte y del este como Carolina del Sur y Carolina del Norte. El material es variado y documenta desde barberos que se negaban a cortar el pelo hasta escuelas que no permitían a las familias mexicanas matricular a sus hijos. La colección de correspondencia de Perales es una de las escasas fuentes documentales que datan, localizan y describen con precisión los casos de segregación, violencia y racismo sufridos por los latinos durante un largo periodo de tiempo: se citan nombres, se anotan direcciones y se publicitan presuntos delitos; en la mayoría de los casos, sin embargo, estos actos se cometían con impunidad, pero la historia informal y la conciencia de la raza los registraban. Y ahora, los investigadores de la posteridad pueden estudiarlos y hacer referencia a ellos al escribir una historia más verdadera de Estados Unidos, y las comunidades pueden tomar conciencia de estos actos al momento de elaborar leyes y políticas. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context pera0475 Title A name given to the resource To Sr. Lic Alonso S. Perales, From Felipe Mendoza, February 25, 1944 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1944-02-25 Subject The topic of the resource Letters Perales, Alonso S., 1898-1960 Discrimination against Mexican Americans Mexican Americans--Segregation Discrimination in employment Discrimination in Education Discrimination in medical care Farmworkers Migrant agricultural laborers Child agricultural laborers Description An account of the resource Letter from Felipe Mendoza to Alonso S. Perales regarding the discrimination farmworkers of Mexican descent and their children face in the workforce and in nearby hospitals and schools. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Mendoza, Felipe Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Alonso S. Perales Collection: General Correspondence, c. 1920-1960. Relation A related resource Arte Público Hispanic Historical Collection: Series 2 Language A language of the resource Spanish Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Sugarland (Tex.) Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource JPG Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Items in this collection may be under copyright. Please contact apprec@central.uh.edu for more information. Cartas Discriminación contra los mexicoamericanos Discriminación en el empleo Discriminación en la atención médica Discriminación en la educación Mexicanoamericanos--Segregación Perales, Alonso S., 1898-1960 Trabajadores agrícolas migrantes mexicanoamericanos http://usldhrecovery.uh.edu/files/original/33/4868/pera0452_page-0001.jpg 6297f6a12da51b23e4d77ba4642b03ce http://usldhrecovery.uh.edu/files/original/33/4868/pera0452_page-0002.jpg ff1a3a2b346a3a060136582d344c758c Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Documenting Discrimination: Alonso S. Perales Correspondence (1927-1952) Subject The topic of the resource Letters Perales, Alonso S., 1898-1960 Discrimination against Mexican Americans Discrimination in employment Race discrimination--public establishments Race discrimination--restaurants; Segregation in education Discrimination in housing Race discrimination in medical care Veteran Police brutality Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Alonso S. Perales Collection: General Correspondence, c. 1920-1960. University of Houston Libraries Special Collections. EBSCO Arte Público Hispanic Historical Collection: Series 2. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1927-1952 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Perales, Alonso S. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Content compilation of The Latino/Hispanic American Experience Leaders, Writers and Thinkers copyright 2012 by Arte Público Historical Collections. All rights reserved. Relation A related resource <a href="https://usldhrecovery.uh.edu/collections/show/1">Alonso S. Perales Collection</a> Arte Público Hispanic Historical Collection: Series 2 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource JPG Language A language of the resource Spanish Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context pera0000 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Texas Description An account of the resource Alonso S. Perales, one of the greatest Latino civil rights leaders ever, was one of the first Latino public intellectuals to master the use of the media in pioneering efforts to track and report on discrimination. Over the course of forty years of activism, during the 1920s to 1960, Perales wrote a weekly column in San Antonio’s La Prensa newspaper, the periodical with the greatest and most extensive circulation; had a radio program; published books; and maintained an unheard of level of correspondence, writing daily as many as ten letters to the authorities, civil rights activists and just everyday folk. One campaign he maintained over many years was his use of the periodicals and radio program to invite victims and witnesses of discrimination to document the cases in letter form and send them to him at his San Antonio law office. He would abstract these testimonies in his newspaper columns and radio programs and use them as evidence to demand corrective action and policy changes from government at every level. In the Alonso S. Perales archive hundreds of these letters have been preserved; many of them were written by hand by working-class people who were most likely to suffer the indignities and denial of services because they were Mexicans or Latinos. Because La Prensa and Perales’ network was so broad, the letters came not only from throughout Texas and the Southwest but from as far north as North Dakota and east as the Carolinas. The record is diverse in documenting everything from barbers refusing to cut hair to schools that would not allow Mexican families to register their children. The Perales collection of correspondence is one of the very few documentary sources that precisely date, locate and describe the instances of segregation, violence and racism experienced by Latinos over a long period of time: names are named, addresses noted and alleged crimes publicized; in most cases, however, these acts were committed with impunity, but the informal history and conscience of la raza was recording them. And now, the researchers of posterity can study and reference them in writing a truer history of the United States, and communities can become aware of these acts in developing laws and policy. Alonso S. Perales, uno de los líderes latinos más importantes de derechos civiles, fue uno de los primeros intelectuales públicos en dominar el uso de los medios de comunicación y pionero en dedicar esfuerzos a rastrear y denunciar instancias de discriminación. A lo largo de cuarenta años de activismo, durante las décadas de 1920 hasta 1960, Perales escribió columnas semanales en el periódico La Prensa de San Antonio, el diario con la mayor y más extensa circulación de ese período; además tuvo un programa de radio; publicó libros; y mantuvo una extensa correspondencia, escribiendo hasta diez cartas diarias dirigidas a autoridades, activistas de derechos civiles y gente en general. Perales impulsó una campaña, que mantuvo durante muchos años, donde a través de publicaciones en periódicos y su programa de radio invitaba a las víctimas y testigos de actos de discriminación a documentar estos casos en forma de cartas y a enviárselas a su despacho de abogados de San Antonio, Texas. Perales resumía estos testimonios en sus columnas periodísticas y programas de radio y los utilizaba como prueba para exigir medidas correctivas y cambios de política al gobierno a todo nivel. En el archivo de Alonso S. Perales se conservan cientos de estas cartas; muchas de ellas escritas a mano provenientes en su mayoría de la clase trabajadora que tenía más probabilidades de sufrir humillaciones y negación de servicios por ser mexicanos o latinos. Como la red de La Prensa y de Perales eran tan amplias, las cartas vinieron no solo desde Texas y del suroeste sino también desde lugares tan al norte como Dakota del Norte y del este como Carolina del Sur y Carolina del Norte. El material es variado y documenta desde barberos que se negaban a cortar el pelo hasta escuelas que no permitían a las familias mexicanas matricular a sus hijos. La colección de correspondencia de Perales es una de las escasas fuentes documentales que datan, localizan y describen con precisión los casos de segregación, violencia y racismo sufridos por los latinos durante un largo periodo de tiempo: se citan nombres, se anotan direcciones y se publicitan presuntos delitos; en la mayoría de los casos, sin embargo, estos actos se cometían con impunidad, pero la historia informal y la conciencia de la raza los registraban. Y ahora, los investigadores de la posteridad pueden estudiarlos y hacer referencia a ellos al escribir una historia más verdadera de Estados Unidos, y las comunidades pueden tomar conciencia de estos actos al momento de elaborar leyes y políticas. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context pera0452 Title A name given to the resource To Sr. Lic. Alonso Perales, From M. R. Gonzalez, M. R. Gonzalez Grocery, February 26, 1944. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1944-02-26 Subject The topic of the resource Letters Perales, Alonso S., 1898-1960 Discrimination against Mexican Americans Race discrimination--public establishments Mexican Americans--Segregation Description An account of the resource Letter from M.R. Gonzales to Alonso S. Perales about the segregation he has experienced in Fort Stockton's theater and at the swimming pool where people of Mexican descent are not permitted or segregated. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Gonzalez, M.R. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Alonso S. Perales Collection: General Correspondence, c. 1920-1960. Relation A related resource Arte Público Hispanic Historical Collection: Series 2 Language A language of the resource Spanish Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Fort Stockton (Tex.), Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource JPG Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Items in this collection may be under copyright. Please contact apprec@central.uh.edu for more information. Cartas Discriminación contra los mexicoamericanos Discriminación racial--establecimientos públicos Mexicanoamericanos--Segregación Perales, Alonso S., 1898-1960 http://usldhrecovery.uh.edu/files/original/33/4893/pera0479_page-0001.jpg 0a86fd514ab3e781efd621a8919d50f0 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Documenting Discrimination: Alonso S. Perales Correspondence (1927-1952) Subject The topic of the resource Letters Perales, Alonso S., 1898-1960 Discrimination against Mexican Americans Discrimination in employment Race discrimination--public establishments Race discrimination--restaurants; Segregation in education Discrimination in housing Race discrimination in medical care Veteran Police brutality Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Alonso S. Perales Collection: General Correspondence, c. 1920-1960. University of Houston Libraries Special Collections. EBSCO Arte Público Hispanic Historical Collection: Series 2. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1927-1952 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Perales, Alonso S. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Content compilation of The Latino/Hispanic American Experience Leaders, Writers and Thinkers copyright 2012 by Arte Público Historical Collections. All rights reserved. Relation A related resource <a href="https://usldhrecovery.uh.edu/collections/show/1">Alonso S. Perales Collection</a> Arte Público Hispanic Historical Collection: Series 2 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource JPG Language A language of the resource Spanish Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context pera0000 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Texas Description An account of the resource Alonso S. Perales, one of the greatest Latino civil rights leaders ever, was one of the first Latino public intellectuals to master the use of the media in pioneering efforts to track and report on discrimination. Over the course of forty years of activism, during the 1920s to 1960, Perales wrote a weekly column in San Antonio’s La Prensa newspaper, the periodical with the greatest and most extensive circulation; had a radio program; published books; and maintained an unheard of level of correspondence, writing daily as many as ten letters to the authorities, civil rights activists and just everyday folk. One campaign he maintained over many years was his use of the periodicals and radio program to invite victims and witnesses of discrimination to document the cases in letter form and send them to him at his San Antonio law office. He would abstract these testimonies in his newspaper columns and radio programs and use them as evidence to demand corrective action and policy changes from government at every level. In the Alonso S. Perales archive hundreds of these letters have been preserved; many of them were written by hand by working-class people who were most likely to suffer the indignities and denial of services because they were Mexicans or Latinos. Because La Prensa and Perales’ network was so broad, the letters came not only from throughout Texas and the Southwest but from as far north as North Dakota and east as the Carolinas. The record is diverse in documenting everything from barbers refusing to cut hair to schools that would not allow Mexican families to register their children. The Perales collection of correspondence is one of the very few documentary sources that precisely date, locate and describe the instances of segregation, violence and racism experienced by Latinos over a long period of time: names are named, addresses noted and alleged crimes publicized; in most cases, however, these acts were committed with impunity, but the informal history and conscience of la raza was recording them. And now, the researchers of posterity can study and reference them in writing a truer history of the United States, and communities can become aware of these acts in developing laws and policy. Alonso S. Perales, uno de los líderes latinos más importantes de derechos civiles, fue uno de los primeros intelectuales públicos en dominar el uso de los medios de comunicación y pionero en dedicar esfuerzos a rastrear y denunciar instancias de discriminación. A lo largo de cuarenta años de activismo, durante las décadas de 1920 hasta 1960, Perales escribió columnas semanales en el periódico La Prensa de San Antonio, el diario con la mayor y más extensa circulación de ese período; además tuvo un programa de radio; publicó libros; y mantuvo una extensa correspondencia, escribiendo hasta diez cartas diarias dirigidas a autoridades, activistas de derechos civiles y gente en general. Perales impulsó una campaña, que mantuvo durante muchos años, donde a través de publicaciones en periódicos y su programa de radio invitaba a las víctimas y testigos de actos de discriminación a documentar estos casos en forma de cartas y a enviárselas a su despacho de abogados de San Antonio, Texas. Perales resumía estos testimonios en sus columnas periodísticas y programas de radio y los utilizaba como prueba para exigir medidas correctivas y cambios de política al gobierno a todo nivel. En el archivo de Alonso S. Perales se conservan cientos de estas cartas; muchas de ellas escritas a mano provenientes en su mayoría de la clase trabajadora que tenía más probabilidades de sufrir humillaciones y negación de servicios por ser mexicanos o latinos. Como la red de La Prensa y de Perales eran tan amplias, las cartas vinieron no solo desde Texas y del suroeste sino también desde lugares tan al norte como Dakota del Norte y del este como Carolina del Sur y Carolina del Norte. El material es variado y documenta desde barberos que se negaban a cortar el pelo hasta escuelas que no permitían a las familias mexicanas matricular a sus hijos. La colección de correspondencia de Perales es una de las escasas fuentes documentales que datan, localizan y describen con precisión los casos de segregación, violencia y racismo sufridos por los latinos durante un largo periodo de tiempo: se citan nombres, se anotan direcciones y se publicitan presuntos delitos; en la mayoría de los casos, sin embargo, estos actos se cometían con impunidad, pero la historia informal y la conciencia de la raza los registraban. Y ahora, los investigadores de la posteridad pueden estudiarlos y hacer referencia a ellos al escribir una historia más verdadera de Estados Unidos, y las comunidades pueden tomar conciencia de estos actos al momento de elaborar leyes y políticas. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context pera0479 Title A name given to the resource To Sr. Lic. Alonso S. Perales, From [Unknown], February 15, 1944 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1944-02-15 Subject The topic of the resource Letters Perales, Alonso S., 1898-1960 Discrimination against Mexican Americans Race discrimination--public establishments Race discrimination--restaurants Description An account of the resource Letter from [Unknown] to Alonso S. Perales regarding restaurant Liddell S. Cafe where people of Mexican descent are denied service. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource [Unknown] Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Alonso S. Perales Collection: General Correspondence, c. 1920-1960. Relation A related resource Arte Público Hispanic Historical Collection: Series 2 "El Lic. Perales solicita informes de importancia." Prensa, 13 Feb. 1944, p. 3. Readex: America's Historical Newspapers, infoweb.newsbank.com/apps/readex/doc?p=EANX&docref=image/v2%3A11F30FF2F63C9976%40EANX-120C76E2F030DE48%402431134-120640EE8BF998F8%402. Accessed 18 Nov. 2022. Language A language of the resource Spanish Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant O'Donnell (Tex.) Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource JPG Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Items in this collection may be under copyright. Please contact apprec@central.uh.edu for more information. Cartas Discriminación contra los mexicoamericanos Discriminación racial--establecimientos públicos Discriminación racial--restaurantes Perales, Alonso S., 1898-1960 http://usldhrecovery.uh.edu/files/original/33/4896/pera0482_page-0001.jpg 025dd446b74093d6c8446fab58d487f9 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Documenting Discrimination: Alonso S. Perales Correspondence (1927-1952) Subject The topic of the resource Letters Perales, Alonso S., 1898-1960 Discrimination against Mexican Americans Discrimination in employment Race discrimination--public establishments Race discrimination--restaurants; Segregation in education Discrimination in housing Race discrimination in medical care Veteran Police brutality Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Alonso S. Perales Collection: General Correspondence, c. 1920-1960. University of Houston Libraries Special Collections. EBSCO Arte Público Hispanic Historical Collection: Series 2. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1927-1952 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Perales, Alonso S. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Content compilation of The Latino/Hispanic American Experience Leaders, Writers and Thinkers copyright 2012 by Arte Público Historical Collections. All rights reserved. Relation A related resource <a href="https://usldhrecovery.uh.edu/collections/show/1">Alonso S. Perales Collection</a> Arte Público Hispanic Historical Collection: Series 2 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource JPG Language A language of the resource Spanish Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context pera0000 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Texas Description An account of the resource Alonso S. Perales, one of the greatest Latino civil rights leaders ever, was one of the first Latino public intellectuals to master the use of the media in pioneering efforts to track and report on discrimination. Over the course of forty years of activism, during the 1920s to 1960, Perales wrote a weekly column in San Antonio’s La Prensa newspaper, the periodical with the greatest and most extensive circulation; had a radio program; published books; and maintained an unheard of level of correspondence, writing daily as many as ten letters to the authorities, civil rights activists and just everyday folk. One campaign he maintained over many years was his use of the periodicals and radio program to invite victims and witnesses of discrimination to document the cases in letter form and send them to him at his San Antonio law office. He would abstract these testimonies in his newspaper columns and radio programs and use them as evidence to demand corrective action and policy changes from government at every level. In the Alonso S. Perales archive hundreds of these letters have been preserved; many of them were written by hand by working-class people who were most likely to suffer the indignities and denial of services because they were Mexicans or Latinos. Because La Prensa and Perales’ network was so broad, the letters came not only from throughout Texas and the Southwest but from as far north as North Dakota and east as the Carolinas. The record is diverse in documenting everything from barbers refusing to cut hair to schools that would not allow Mexican families to register their children. The Perales collection of correspondence is one of the very few documentary sources that precisely date, locate and describe the instances of segregation, violence and racism experienced by Latinos over a long period of time: names are named, addresses noted and alleged crimes publicized; in most cases, however, these acts were committed with impunity, but the informal history and conscience of la raza was recording them. And now, the researchers of posterity can study and reference them in writing a truer history of the United States, and communities can become aware of these acts in developing laws and policy. Alonso S. Perales, uno de los líderes latinos más importantes de derechos civiles, fue uno de los primeros intelectuales públicos en dominar el uso de los medios de comunicación y pionero en dedicar esfuerzos a rastrear y denunciar instancias de discriminación. A lo largo de cuarenta años de activismo, durante las décadas de 1920 hasta 1960, Perales escribió columnas semanales en el periódico La Prensa de San Antonio, el diario con la mayor y más extensa circulación de ese período; además tuvo un programa de radio; publicó libros; y mantuvo una extensa correspondencia, escribiendo hasta diez cartas diarias dirigidas a autoridades, activistas de derechos civiles y gente en general. Perales impulsó una campaña, que mantuvo durante muchos años, donde a través de publicaciones en periódicos y su programa de radio invitaba a las víctimas y testigos de actos de discriminación a documentar estos casos en forma de cartas y a enviárselas a su despacho de abogados de San Antonio, Texas. Perales resumía estos testimonios en sus columnas periodísticas y programas de radio y los utilizaba como prueba para exigir medidas correctivas y cambios de política al gobierno a todo nivel. En el archivo de Alonso S. Perales se conservan cientos de estas cartas; muchas de ellas escritas a mano provenientes en su mayoría de la clase trabajadora que tenía más probabilidades de sufrir humillaciones y negación de servicios por ser mexicanos o latinos. Como la red de La Prensa y de Perales eran tan amplias, las cartas vinieron no solo desde Texas y del suroeste sino también desde lugares tan al norte como Dakota del Norte y del este como Carolina del Sur y Carolina del Norte. El material es variado y documenta desde barberos que se negaban a cortar el pelo hasta escuelas que no permitían a las familias mexicanas matricular a sus hijos. La colección de correspondencia de Perales es una de las escasas fuentes documentales que datan, localizan y describen con precisión los casos de segregación, violencia y racismo sufridos por los latinos durante un largo periodo de tiempo: se citan nombres, se anotan direcciones y se publicitan presuntos delitos; en la mayoría de los casos, sin embargo, estos actos se cometían con impunidad, pero la historia informal y la conciencia de la raza los registraban. Y ahora, los investigadores de la posteridad pueden estudiarlos y hacer referencia a ellos al escribir una historia más verdadera de Estados Unidos, y las comunidades pueden tomar conciencia de estos actos al momento de elaborar leyes y políticas. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context pera0482 Title A name given to the resource To Sr. Lic. Alonso S. Perales, From Arturo Ortiz, March 1, 1946 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1946-03-01 Subject The topic of the resource Letters Perales, Alonso S., 1898-1960 Discrimination against Mexican Americans Race discrimination--public establishments Race discrimination--restaurants Veteran Description An account of the resource Letter from Arturo Ortiz to Alonso S. Perales asking for legal advice regarding an incident of discrimination in which veterans of Mexican descent were refused service at The Green Frog restaurant. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Ortiz, Arturo Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Alonso S. Perales Collection: General Correspondence, c. 1920-1960. Relation A related resource Arte Público Hispanic Historical Collection: Series 2 Language A language of the resource Spanish Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Abilene (Tex.) Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource JPG Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Items in this collection may be under copyright. Please contact apprec@central.uh.edu for more information. Cartas Discriminación contra los mexicoamericanos Discriminación racial--establecimientos públicos Discriminación racial--restaurantes Perales, Alonso S., 1898-1960 Veterano http://usldhrecovery.uh.edu/files/original/1/167/pera0076_001.jpg 046dd05c35f02f9590bdb354652b104a http://usldhrecovery.uh.edu/files/original/1/167/pera0076_002.jpg e247681d10b278b9b1eadb3627055d83 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Alonso S. Perales Collection Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Alonso S. Perales Papers Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Arte Público Press/Recovering the US Hispanic Literary Heritage Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Arte Público Press Language A language of the resource Spanish English Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Perales, Alonso S. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource JPEG Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Photograph Subject The topic of the resource PERALES, Alonso S., 1898-1960 LEAGUE of United Latin American Citizens CIVIC participation: working for civil rights MEXICAN Americans LATINO Americans ACTIVISTS RACE discrimination Relation A related resource Alonso S. Perales Papers, University of Houston Libraries Special Collections EBSCO Arte Público Hispanic Historical Collection: Series 2 Description An account of the resource Alonso S. Perales (1898-1960) was a lawyer, statesman, diplomat, author, writer, speaker. His collection is held at the University of Houston's Special Collections. A sampling of his photographs, letters, and documents are included here. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Perales, Alonso S. Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Personal Collection Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource To Sr. Lic. Alonso S. Perales, From Florencia Sainz de Acosta, Octubre 7, de 1940. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Sainz de Acosta, Florencia Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1940-10-07 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Alonso S. Perales Papers: General Correspondence, c. 1920-1960. S-T, p003-004. 2p. University of Houston Libraries Special Collections EBSCO Arte Público Hispanic Historical Collection: Series 2 Language A language of the resource Spanish Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context pera0076 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource JPEG Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant SAN Antonio (Tex.) Subject The topic of the resource LETTERS SEGREGATION SEGREGATION in education. MEXICAN American Soldiers DISCRIMINATION PERALES, Alonso S., 1898-1960 Description An account of the resource Letter to Alonso S. Perales from Florencia Sainz de Acosta railing against the injustice of segregation practices taking place within schools and the military. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Items in this collection may be under copyright. Please contact apprec@central.uh.edu for more information. Scripto Transcription A written representation of a document. [page 1] Mercedes, Texas Octubre 7, de 1940. Sr. Lic. .Alonso S. Perales San Antonio Texas. Respetable y estimado señor: ¡Qué valiente! y cuán afortunado toque de atención de Guerra de los E.U., ante la injusta y humillante diferencia con que se quiere distinguir al méxico-tejano. Con frecuencia sabemos de la denigrante se-gregración entre los alumnos de las escuelas; en los restaurants; en reuniones sociales y ahora, hasta en los futuros cuarteles, los, que por ser para soldados de origen hispano, probablemente serán rudos, anticuados y hasta antihigiénicos. ¡Maldita calamidad nacional! y malditos dioses sanguinarios, á quienes tendrán, que aplacar con el sacrificio de nuestros hijos...Estos hijos que por desgracia nacieron vajo la férula de las barras y las estrellas. Lo de siempre, Señor Licenciado..¡El yo! ¡El Colosal! ¡El angloamericano! Parece que Mr. Perry Clark no se ha dado cuenta del amenazante sismo europeo. ¿¡Será posible?? Ojalá y no; pues entonces [page 2] nuestros hijos tengan que ir como en rebaño al matadero. ¿Qué tendrán que serbir de parapeto, acá donde se nos ve con tanta indiferencia? No, señor Lisenciado: Ud como director general de la Liga de Leales americanos deve ver por que se haga justicia a los americanos de origen hispano; que los [illegible: caminos] de estrenamiento seas el mismo. Muy sinseramente, merece Ud. un aplauso universal por la leal defensa en pro de nues=tra raza. Muy respetuosamente, Florencia Sainz de Acosta. 334 N. Texas Ave. Mercedes, Texas. P.D.A. Sr. Lisenciado: Felicito á Ud. en nombre de todos los meixcanos y mexicamerica y en nombre mio, por la héroica defensa á nuestros connacionales No crea Ud. que hayamos pasado por alto, su valeroso comunicado con Henry L. Stimson. Respetuosamente, Sra. Acosta Cartas Discriminación Perales, Alonso S. Saiz de Acosta, Florencia Segregación Segregación en la educación Soldados-Mexicanoamericanos http://usldhrecovery.uh.edu/files/original/33/4876/pera0460_page-0001.jpg 704e1339853fbd44cda526f6752177e1 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Documenting Discrimination: Alonso S. Perales Correspondence (1927-1952) Subject The topic of the resource Letters Perales, Alonso S., 1898-1960 Discrimination against Mexican Americans Discrimination in employment Race discrimination--public establishments Race discrimination--restaurants; Segregation in education Discrimination in housing Race discrimination in medical care Veteran Police brutality Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Alonso S. Perales Collection: General Correspondence, c. 1920-1960. University of Houston Libraries Special Collections. EBSCO Arte Público Hispanic Historical Collection: Series 2. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1927-1952 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Perales, Alonso S. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Content compilation of The Latino/Hispanic American Experience Leaders, Writers and Thinkers copyright 2012 by Arte Público Historical Collections. All rights reserved. Relation A related resource <a href="https://usldhrecovery.uh.edu/collections/show/1">Alonso S. Perales Collection</a> Arte Público Hispanic Historical Collection: Series 2 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource JPG Language A language of the resource Spanish Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context pera0000 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Texas Description An account of the resource Alonso S. Perales, one of the greatest Latino civil rights leaders ever, was one of the first Latino public intellectuals to master the use of the media in pioneering efforts to track and report on discrimination. Over the course of forty years of activism, during the 1920s to 1960, Perales wrote a weekly column in San Antonio’s La Prensa newspaper, the periodical with the greatest and most extensive circulation; had a radio program; published books; and maintained an unheard of level of correspondence, writing daily as many as ten letters to the authorities, civil rights activists and just everyday folk. One campaign he maintained over many years was his use of the periodicals and radio program to invite victims and witnesses of discrimination to document the cases in letter form and send them to him at his San Antonio law office. He would abstract these testimonies in his newspaper columns and radio programs and use them as evidence to demand corrective action and policy changes from government at every level. In the Alonso S. Perales archive hundreds of these letters have been preserved; many of them were written by hand by working-class people who were most likely to suffer the indignities and denial of services because they were Mexicans or Latinos. Because La Prensa and Perales’ network was so broad, the letters came not only from throughout Texas and the Southwest but from as far north as North Dakota and east as the Carolinas. The record is diverse in documenting everything from barbers refusing to cut hair to schools that would not allow Mexican families to register their children. The Perales collection of correspondence is one of the very few documentary sources that precisely date, locate and describe the instances of segregation, violence and racism experienced by Latinos over a long period of time: names are named, addresses noted and alleged crimes publicized; in most cases, however, these acts were committed with impunity, but the informal history and conscience of la raza was recording them. And now, the researchers of posterity can study and reference them in writing a truer history of the United States, and communities can become aware of these acts in developing laws and policy. Alonso S. Perales, uno de los líderes latinos más importantes de derechos civiles, fue uno de los primeros intelectuales públicos en dominar el uso de los medios de comunicación y pionero en dedicar esfuerzos a rastrear y denunciar instancias de discriminación. A lo largo de cuarenta años de activismo, durante las décadas de 1920 hasta 1960, Perales escribió columnas semanales en el periódico La Prensa de San Antonio, el diario con la mayor y más extensa circulación de ese período; además tuvo un programa de radio; publicó libros; y mantuvo una extensa correspondencia, escribiendo hasta diez cartas diarias dirigidas a autoridades, activistas de derechos civiles y gente en general. Perales impulsó una campaña, que mantuvo durante muchos años, donde a través de publicaciones en periódicos y su programa de radio invitaba a las víctimas y testigos de actos de discriminación a documentar estos casos en forma de cartas y a enviárselas a su despacho de abogados de San Antonio, Texas. Perales resumía estos testimonios en sus columnas periodísticas y programas de radio y los utilizaba como prueba para exigir medidas correctivas y cambios de política al gobierno a todo nivel. En el archivo de Alonso S. Perales se conservan cientos de estas cartas; muchas de ellas escritas a mano provenientes en su mayoría de la clase trabajadora que tenía más probabilidades de sufrir humillaciones y negación de servicios por ser mexicanos o latinos. Como la red de La Prensa y de Perales eran tan amplias, las cartas vinieron no solo desde Texas y del suroeste sino también desde lugares tan al norte como Dakota del Norte y del este como Carolina del Sur y Carolina del Norte. El material es variado y documenta desde barberos que se negaban a cortar el pelo hasta escuelas que no permitían a las familias mexicanas matricular a sus hijos. La colección de correspondencia de Perales es una de las escasas fuentes documentales que datan, localizan y describen con precisión los casos de segregación, violencia y racismo sufridos por los latinos durante un largo periodo de tiempo: se citan nombres, se anotan direcciones y se publicitan presuntos delitos; en la mayoría de los casos, sin embargo, estos actos se cometían con impunidad, pero la historia informal y la conciencia de la raza los registraban. Y ahora, los investigadores de la posteridad pueden estudiarlos y hacer referencia a ellos al escribir una historia más verdadera de Estados Unidos, y las comunidades pueden tomar conciencia de estos actos al momento de elaborar leyes y políticas. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context pera0460 Title A name given to the resource To Sr. Lic. Alonso S. Perales, From Isabel G. de Gutierrez, February 5, 1944 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1944-02-05 Subject The topic of the resource Letters Perales, Alonso S., 1898-1960 Discrimination against Mexican Americans Mexican Americans--Segregation Segregation in transportation Description An account of the resource Letter from Isabel G. Gutierrez to Alonso S. Perales regarding the discrimination and segregation she faced at a bus stop where she was questioned and told to sit with only people of Mexican descent. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Gutierrez, Isabel G. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Alonso S. Perales Collection: General Correspondence, c. 1920-1960. Relation A related resource Arte Público Hispanic Historical Collection: Series 2 Language A language of the resource Spanish Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant San Antonio (Tex.) Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource JPG Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Items in this collection may be under copyright. Please contact apprec@central.uh.edu for more information. Cartas Discriminación contra los mexicoamericanos Mexicanoamericanos--Segregación Mexicanoamericanos--Segregación en el transporte Perales, Alonso S., 1898-1960 http://usldhrecovery.uh.edu/files/original/33/4832/pera0259_page-0001.jpg d8179240a0542e5f9571854058323a91 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Documenting Discrimination: Alonso S. Perales Correspondence (1927-1952) Subject The topic of the resource Letters Perales, Alonso S., 1898-1960 Discrimination against Mexican Americans Discrimination in employment Race discrimination--public establishments Race discrimination--restaurants; Segregation in education Discrimination in housing Race discrimination in medical care Veteran Police brutality Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Alonso S. Perales Collection: General Correspondence, c. 1920-1960. University of Houston Libraries Special Collections. EBSCO Arte Público Hispanic Historical Collection: Series 2. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1927-1952 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Perales, Alonso S. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Content compilation of The Latino/Hispanic American Experience Leaders, Writers and Thinkers copyright 2012 by Arte Público Historical Collections. All rights reserved. Relation A related resource <a href="https://usldhrecovery.uh.edu/collections/show/1">Alonso S. Perales Collection</a> Arte Público Hispanic Historical Collection: Series 2 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource JPG Language A language of the resource Spanish Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context pera0000 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Texas Description An account of the resource Alonso S. Perales, one of the greatest Latino civil rights leaders ever, was one of the first Latino public intellectuals to master the use of the media in pioneering efforts to track and report on discrimination. Over the course of forty years of activism, during the 1920s to 1960, Perales wrote a weekly column in San Antonio’s La Prensa newspaper, the periodical with the greatest and most extensive circulation; had a radio program; published books; and maintained an unheard of level of correspondence, writing daily as many as ten letters to the authorities, civil rights activists and just everyday folk. One campaign he maintained over many years was his use of the periodicals and radio program to invite victims and witnesses of discrimination to document the cases in letter form and send them to him at his San Antonio law office. He would abstract these testimonies in his newspaper columns and radio programs and use them as evidence to demand corrective action and policy changes from government at every level. In the Alonso S. Perales archive hundreds of these letters have been preserved; many of them were written by hand by working-class people who were most likely to suffer the indignities and denial of services because they were Mexicans or Latinos. Because La Prensa and Perales’ network was so broad, the letters came not only from throughout Texas and the Southwest but from as far north as North Dakota and east as the Carolinas. The record is diverse in documenting everything from barbers refusing to cut hair to schools that would not allow Mexican families to register their children. The Perales collection of correspondence is one of the very few documentary sources that precisely date, locate and describe the instances of segregation, violence and racism experienced by Latinos over a long period of time: names are named, addresses noted and alleged crimes publicized; in most cases, however, these acts were committed with impunity, but the informal history and conscience of la raza was recording them. And now, the researchers of posterity can study and reference them in writing a truer history of the United States, and communities can become aware of these acts in developing laws and policy. Alonso S. Perales, uno de los líderes latinos más importantes de derechos civiles, fue uno de los primeros intelectuales públicos en dominar el uso de los medios de comunicación y pionero en dedicar esfuerzos a rastrear y denunciar instancias de discriminación. A lo largo de cuarenta años de activismo, durante las décadas de 1920 hasta 1960, Perales escribió columnas semanales en el periódico La Prensa de San Antonio, el diario con la mayor y más extensa circulación de ese período; además tuvo un programa de radio; publicó libros; y mantuvo una extensa correspondencia, escribiendo hasta diez cartas diarias dirigidas a autoridades, activistas de derechos civiles y gente en general. Perales impulsó una campaña, que mantuvo durante muchos años, donde a través de publicaciones en periódicos y su programa de radio invitaba a las víctimas y testigos de actos de discriminación a documentar estos casos en forma de cartas y a enviárselas a su despacho de abogados de San Antonio, Texas. Perales resumía estos testimonios en sus columnas periodísticas y programas de radio y los utilizaba como prueba para exigir medidas correctivas y cambios de política al gobierno a todo nivel. En el archivo de Alonso S. Perales se conservan cientos de estas cartas; muchas de ellas escritas a mano provenientes en su mayoría de la clase trabajadora que tenía más probabilidades de sufrir humillaciones y negación de servicios por ser mexicanos o latinos. Como la red de La Prensa y de Perales eran tan amplias, las cartas vinieron no solo desde Texas y del suroeste sino también desde lugares tan al norte como Dakota del Norte y del este como Carolina del Sur y Carolina del Norte. El material es variado y documenta desde barberos que se negaban a cortar el pelo hasta escuelas que no permitían a las familias mexicanas matricular a sus hijos. La colección de correspondencia de Perales es una de las escasas fuentes documentales que datan, localizan y describen con precisión los casos de segregación, violencia y racismo sufridos por los latinos durante un largo periodo de tiempo: se citan nombres, se anotan direcciones y se publicitan presuntos delitos; en la mayoría de los casos, sin embargo, estos actos se cometían con impunidad, pero la historia informal y la conciencia de la raza los registraban. Y ahora, los investigadores de la posteridad pueden estudiarlos y hacer referencia a ellos al escribir una historia más verdadera de Estados Unidos, y las comunidades pueden tomar conciencia de estos actos al momento de elaborar leyes y políticas. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context pera0259 Title A name given to the resource To Sr. Lic. Alonso S. Perales, From J. C. Castillo, San Antonio, Texas, April 18, 1938 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1938-04-18 Subject The topic of the resource Letters Perales, Alonso S., 1898-1960 Racial discirmination Discrimination against Mexican Americans Lawyers Description An account of the resource Letter from J.C. Castillo to Alonso S. Perales describing an incident in which Judge Everett F. Johnson let a lawyer insult Mexicans and Mexico. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Castillo, J.C. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Alonso S. Perales Collection: General Correspondence, c. 1920-1960. Relation A related resource Arte Público Hispanic Historical Collection: Series 2 Language A language of the resource Spanish Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant San Antonio (Tex.) Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource JPG Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Items in this collection may be under copyright. Please contact apprec@central.uh.edu for more information. Abogados Cartas Discriminación contra mexicoamericanos Discriminación racial Perales, Alonso S., 1898-1960 http://usldhrecovery.uh.edu/files/original/33/4909/pera0495_page-0001.jpg 9fb140a48b761bc2339ed278710878a5 http://usldhrecovery.uh.edu/files/original/33/4909/pera0495_page-0002.jpg 723d77eb6c5276d1079b910e3f185fb2 http://usldhrecovery.uh.edu/files/original/33/4909/pera0495_page-0003.jpg 6fa2dd549c737e9a9354b4f2196593a6 http://usldhrecovery.uh.edu/files/original/33/4909/pera0495_page-0004.jpg 55ac8560956f1ee418fabb401f37b6d0 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Documenting Discrimination: Alonso S. Perales Correspondence (1927-1952) Subject The topic of the resource Letters Perales, Alonso S., 1898-1960 Discrimination against Mexican Americans Discrimination in employment Race discrimination--public establishments Race discrimination--restaurants; Segregation in education Discrimination in housing Race discrimination in medical care Veteran Police brutality Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Alonso S. Perales Collection: General Correspondence, c. 1920-1960. University of Houston Libraries Special Collections. EBSCO Arte Público Hispanic Historical Collection: Series 2. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1927-1952 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Perales, Alonso S. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Content compilation of The Latino/Hispanic American Experience Leaders, Writers and Thinkers copyright 2012 by Arte Público Historical Collections. All rights reserved. Relation A related resource <a href="https://usldhrecovery.uh.edu/collections/show/1">Alonso S. Perales Collection</a> Arte Público Hispanic Historical Collection: Series 2 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource JPG Language A language of the resource Spanish Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context pera0000 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Texas Description An account of the resource Alonso S. Perales, one of the greatest Latino civil rights leaders ever, was one of the first Latino public intellectuals to master the use of the media in pioneering efforts to track and report on discrimination. Over the course of forty years of activism, during the 1920s to 1960, Perales wrote a weekly column in San Antonio’s La Prensa newspaper, the periodical with the greatest and most extensive circulation; had a radio program; published books; and maintained an unheard of level of correspondence, writing daily as many as ten letters to the authorities, civil rights activists and just everyday folk. One campaign he maintained over many years was his use of the periodicals and radio program to invite victims and witnesses of discrimination to document the cases in letter form and send them to him at his San Antonio law office. He would abstract these testimonies in his newspaper columns and radio programs and use them as evidence to demand corrective action and policy changes from government at every level. In the Alonso S. Perales archive hundreds of these letters have been preserved; many of them were written by hand by working-class people who were most likely to suffer the indignities and denial of services because they were Mexicans or Latinos. Because La Prensa and Perales’ network was so broad, the letters came not only from throughout Texas and the Southwest but from as far north as North Dakota and east as the Carolinas. The record is diverse in documenting everything from barbers refusing to cut hair to schools that would not allow Mexican families to register their children. The Perales collection of correspondence is one of the very few documentary sources that precisely date, locate and describe the instances of segregation, violence and racism experienced by Latinos over a long period of time: names are named, addresses noted and alleged crimes publicized; in most cases, however, these acts were committed with impunity, but the informal history and conscience of la raza was recording them. And now, the researchers of posterity can study and reference them in writing a truer history of the United States, and communities can become aware of these acts in developing laws and policy. Alonso S. Perales, uno de los líderes latinos más importantes de derechos civiles, fue uno de los primeros intelectuales públicos en dominar el uso de los medios de comunicación y pionero en dedicar esfuerzos a rastrear y denunciar instancias de discriminación. A lo largo de cuarenta años de activismo, durante las décadas de 1920 hasta 1960, Perales escribió columnas semanales en el periódico La Prensa de San Antonio, el diario con la mayor y más extensa circulación de ese período; además tuvo un programa de radio; publicó libros; y mantuvo una extensa correspondencia, escribiendo hasta diez cartas diarias dirigidas a autoridades, activistas de derechos civiles y gente en general. Perales impulsó una campaña, que mantuvo durante muchos años, donde a través de publicaciones en periódicos y su programa de radio invitaba a las víctimas y testigos de actos de discriminación a documentar estos casos en forma de cartas y a enviárselas a su despacho de abogados de San Antonio, Texas. Perales resumía estos testimonios en sus columnas periodísticas y programas de radio y los utilizaba como prueba para exigir medidas correctivas y cambios de política al gobierno a todo nivel. En el archivo de Alonso S. Perales se conservan cientos de estas cartas; muchas de ellas escritas a mano provenientes en su mayoría de la clase trabajadora que tenía más probabilidades de sufrir humillaciones y negación de servicios por ser mexicanos o latinos. Como la red de La Prensa y de Perales eran tan amplias, las cartas vinieron no solo desde Texas y del suroeste sino también desde lugares tan al norte como Dakota del Norte y del este como Carolina del Sur y Carolina del Norte. El material es variado y documenta desde barberos que se negaban a cortar el pelo hasta escuelas que no permitían a las familias mexicanas matricular a sus hijos. La colección de correspondencia de Perales es una de las escasas fuentes documentales que datan, localizan y describen con precisión los casos de segregación, violencia y racismo sufridos por los latinos durante un largo periodo de tiempo: se citan nombres, se anotan direcciones y se publicitan presuntos delitos; en la mayoría de los casos, sin embargo, estos actos se cometían con impunidad, pero la historia informal y la conciencia de la raza los registraban. Y ahora, los investigadores de la posteridad pueden estudiarlos y hacer referencia a ellos al escribir una historia más verdadera de Estados Unidos, y las comunidades pueden tomar conciencia de estos actos al momento de elaborar leyes y políticas. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context pera0495 Title A name given to the resource To Sr. Lic. Alonso S. Perales, From Pedro Enriquez, September 27, 1949 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1949-09-27 Subject The topic of the resource Letters Perales, Alonso S., 1898-1960 Discrimination against Mexican Americans Race discrimination--public establishments Police brutality Description An account of the resource Letter from Pedro Enriquez to Alonso S. Perales regarding his veteran son and two veteran nephews who were arrested, beat, and told to confess to beating an Anglo American by the Fort Worth police. Additionally, Enriquez mentions a previous instance in which one of his children was also beat by the police and kicked out of a theatre in Slaton, Texas. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Enriquez, Pedro Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Alonso S. Perales Collection: General Correspondence, c. 1920-1960. Relation A related resource Arte Público Hispanic Historical Collection: Series 2 Language A language of the resource Spanish Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Fort Worth (Tex.) Slaton (Tex.) Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource JPG Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Items in this collection may be under copyright. Please contact apprec@central.uh.edu for more information. Brutalidad policial Cartas Corrupción policiaca Discriminación contra mexicoamericanos Discriminación racial--establecimientos públicos Perales, Alonso S., 1898-1960