Fighting Fascist Spain: The Exhibits

Collection Items

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  Mercado Común. Common Market

  A cartoon belittles Franco’s intentions to enter the European Union. An old Franco, dressed in his military uniform, rides an emaciated horse toward the European Union. The horse is blindfolded, and the flies buzzing around it are waiting for its imminent death. The dying horse carries a banner that reads “Freedom of The Press." It's clear that it will be hard to get there with this horse. The barren soil contrasts with Franco’s corpulence.

  Tags Antifascism -- United States; Comunidad Económica Europea; Editorial Cartoons -- United States -- 20th century; European Economic Community; Freedom of the press -- Spain; Libertad de Prensa—España; Periodicals -- United States
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  José Nieto Ruiz

  In the first panel, Spanish refugee José Nieto Ruiz escapes Spain when Franco is about to cut his throat. A square bubble reads "Anti-Franco Militant." In the second panel, Nieto escapes Cuba when Castro is about to beat him to death. A square bubble reads "Anti-Castro Militant." In the third panel, Nieto Ruiz is relieved to be in the United States and shouts, “Freedom!!” However, in the fourth panel Uncle Sam apologizes with a brief “Sorry.. only Cubans.” In the firth panel, Nieto Ruiz is bewildered and says, “I am against Communism! I am against totalitarianism! I am a democrat! What can I do?

  Tags Anti-fascist Cultures -- United States; Caricatura Editorial; Caricatura editorial -- Estados Unidos -- siglo XX; Culturas Antifascistas--Estados Unidos; Deportación -- Estados Unidos; Deportation -- United States; Editorial Cartoons -- United States -- 20th century; España Libre (New York, 1939-1977); Fascism -- Spain -- 1939-1975; Fascismo -- España -- 1939-1975; Nieto Ruiz, José, 1935-; Nieto Ruiz, José, 1937-2023; Refugees -- 20th Century; Refugiados -- siglo XX; Sociedades Hispanas Confederadas de los Estados Unidos de Norte América (SHC) -- United States
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  Tumor

  A man is sitting at a desk. His head resembles the globe. The globe shows the map of Spain as a painful part of his head. A speech bubble says "I hope my 1936 head tumor heals in 1963."

  Tags Anti-fascist Cultures—United States; Caricatura editorial—Estados Unidos—siglo XX; Culturas antifascistas—Estados Unidos; Editorial Cartoons—United States—20th century; Fascismo español; Sociedades Hispanas Confederadas de los Estados Unidos de Norte América (SHC)--United States; Spanish fascism
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  14 de abril y Franco. April, 14th and Franco

  The date that commemorates the Second Republic, April 14, has been painted on a street wall. Francisco Franco is alarmed at the growing assertiveness of the antifascist resistance.

  Tags Antifascism -- United States; Caricatura editorial -- Estados Unidos -- siglo XX; ditorial Cartoons -- United States -- 20th century; Periodicals -- United States
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  El gran fariseo. The Great Hypocrite.

  Franco is dramatically crying over the death of Pope John XXIII. The Generalissimo is standing on a pile of skulls and bones. In the pile of bones, Aragonés places banners with the names of those who died defending democracy during the Spanish Civil War, died in exile, or were assassinated under Fascist rulers.

  Tags Antifascism -- United States; Antifascistas -- España; Antifascists -- Spain; Aragonés, Sergio, 1937-; Besteiro, Julián, 1870-1940; Caricatura editorial -- Estados Unidos -- siglo XX; Companys i Jover, Lluís, 1882-1940; Disidentes -- España; Dissenters -- Spain; Editorial Cartoons -- United States -- 20th century; Fosas communes -- España; Franco, Francisco, 1892-1975; Grimau García, Julián, 1911-1963; Largo Caballero, Francisco, 1869-1946; Mass graves -- Spain; Moreno Barranco, Miguel,1932-1963; Nacional Catolicismo -- España; National Catholicism -- Spain; Peiró, Joan, 1887-1942; Periodicals -- United States; Political repression -- Spain; Pope John XXIII; Popes; Represión Política -- España; Sociedades Hispanas Confederadas de los Estados Unidos de Norte América (SHC) -- United States; Zugadi Garmendia, Luís, 1897-1938
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  Apretón de manos. Handshake.

  The name of the two Spanish labor unions, UGT and CNT, are written on the sleeves of two shaking hands, which are also strangling Francisco Franco.

  Tags Antifascism -- United States; Antifascist Movements; Caricatura editorial -- Estados Unidos -- siglo XX; Confederación Nacional del Trabajo (Spain) -- History; Editorial Cartoons -- United States -- 20th century; Periodicals -- United States; Unión General de Trabajadores de España -- History
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  1964

  A man who represents public opinion in Spain is bound and guarded by a distracted Civil Guard. A small child holds a blanket that has 1964 written on it. The child tiptoes toward the bound man with a pair of scissors in his hand, ready to set the man free.

  Tags Anti-fascist Cultures -- United States; Antifascist Movements --Resistencia antifascista; Caricatura Editorial; Caricatura editorial -- Estados Unidos -- siglo XX; Culturas Antifascistas -- Estados Unidos; Editorial Cartoons -- United States -- 20th century; España Libre (New York, 1939-1977); Fascism -- Spain -- 1939-1975; Fascismo -- España -- 1939-1975; Military surveillance -- Spain; Opinión pública -- España; Public opinion -- Spain; Sociedades Hispanas Confederadas de los Estados Unidos de Norte América (SHC)--United States; Vigilancia Militar -- España
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  Cría Cuervos…

  A three-panel cartoon. In the first panel, Uncle Sam gives dollars to Franco; in the second, Franco gives them to Castro and buys sugar; in the third, Franco is best friends with Castro and Khrushchev. Uncle Sam is thinking "A leopard never changes its spots."

  Tags Antifascism -- United States; Bases militares, Americanas -- España; Caricatura editorial -- Estados Unidos -- siglo XX; Castro, Fidel; Comercio de azúcar -- Cuba; Editorial Cartoons -- United States—20th century; Khrushchev, Nikita Sergeevich, 1894-1971; Military bases, American -- Spain; Periodicals -- United States; Soviet Union -- Politics and government -- 1936-1953; Sugar trade -- Cuba -- 20th century; Uncle Sam (Symbolic character); Unión Sovietica -- Politica y gobierno
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  !Cría Cuervos!...

  A short Franco kicks a tall Uncle Sam in the knee, which causes Uncle Sam cold sweats. The medals of honor from Franco’s army uniform fall to the floor with the force of the kick.

  Tags Antifascism -- United States; Editorial Cartoons -- United States -- 20th century; Francisco Franco Bahamonde; international relations; Periodicals -- United States; relaciones internacionales; Uncle Sam (Symbolic character)
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  25 años. 25 Years

  The focal point of the cartoon is the number twenty-five. Franco is sitting on the number that signifies the longevity of his rule. His posture is one of satisfaction and triumph. Nevertheless, Aragonés covers the number with banners and drawings that refer to political persecution, intolerance, calumny, lies, the rise of the black market, torture, corruption, hate, misery, bribery, hunger, murder, prison, skulls, swastikas, Civil Guards executing common people, body parts scattered in mass graves, money bags, the devil, the military police, snakes, flies, spiders, and feces.

  Tags Antifascism -- United States; Caricatura editorial -- Estados Unidos -- siglo XX; Editorial Cartoons -- United States—20th century; Periodicals -- United States; Political prisoners; Political repression; Prisioneros politicos; Repression política; Sociedades Hispanas Confederadas de los Estados Unidos de Norte América (SHC) -- United States

• Fighting Fascist Spain: The Exhibits